Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem in both developing and developed countries. Drug-resistant tuberculosis is an increasing health problem and serious challenge to tuberculosis (TB) control programs. Information about the susceptibility pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates against anti-tuberculosis drugs is an important aspect to TB control. The objectives of the s...

Multifocal skeletal tuberculosis in not uncommon in the countries with tuberculosis. The clinical onest is insidious and sometimes nonspecific, resulting in delay or misdiagnosis. Bone scan appearance is presented in some reports, as multiple abnormal accumulations of tracer. This report describes an unusual presentation of multifocal skeletal tuberculosis.

genitourinary tuberculosis (gutb) is difficult to diagnose in the earlier stage owing to the non-specific symptoms. usually, renal tuberculous involvement is unilateral and the imaging finding is renal calcification, but associated calcifications of bilateral ureter and bladder are rare. we report a 66-year-old man who presented with diffuse calcification of the urinary system (including bilate...

background and objectives: tuberculosis (tb) is the oldest known bacterial disease in humans. due to the rise of morbidity in recent years, early diagnosis of the disease is necessary. materials and methods: in this study we used fluorescent amplification–based specific hybridization (flash) pcr to target is6110 for rapid detection of m. tuberculosis (mtb). to investigate the important factors ...

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death worldwide. Finding an effective vaccine against TB is the best way to control it. Several vaccines against this disease have been developed but none are completely protective. The aim of this study was to design and construct a cloning vector containing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) heat shock protein X (hspX). Metho...

Tuberculosis is a highly infectious disease. It usually infects the lung, but dissemination to different organs results in severe form of tuberculosis, i.e., disseminated tuberculosis. The situation becomes even more challenging when infection due multidrug-resistant strains Mycobacterium present case very rare one where 17-year-old Indian girl presented with headache, vomiting, cough expectora...

extrapulmonary tuberculosis is a complication of pulmonary tuberculosis that is disseminated through hematogenous or lymphatic system and may involve any organs. we present a case of primary tuberculosis of the penis that is a very rare presentation of tuberculosis. patient the patient was a 43-year-old man who had kidney transplantation. he admitted with painful ulceration on the glans of peni...