Research on the existence of specific classes of combinatorial matrices such as the Circulant Weighing Matrices (CWMs) lies in the core of diverse theoretical and computational efforts. Modern metaheuristics have proved to be valuable tools for solving such problems. Recently, parallel Algorithm Portfolios (APs) composed of established search algorithms and sophisticated resource allocation pro...

The implementation of an interface to support cooperative work in a heterogeneous computing environment is based on previously proposed definitions referred to as Cooperative Work Model (CWM) and Cooperative Work Language (CWL). The Interface for Cooperative Work (ICW) and the Graphical Interface for Cooperative Work (GICW) are the main two components of a tool useful in the set up and control ...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions of stakeholders on a national pilot of a new service, the 'Choose Pharmacy' Common Ailments Service (CAS) in Wales. METHODS Methods used were semi-structured interviews with stakeholders involved in development and delivery of the CAS. Snowball sampling was employed and invites were extended to eight of 13 pharmacies offeri...

Corrupted digital images are recovered by using median filters. The most frequently occur noise is salt and pepper type impulse noise. As the noise increases it becomes hard to recover the noisy digital image. Different median filters have been suggested to recover it. Size of the window taken in the filter is also the important factor at different level of noises. The performance of standard m...

12 One way to analyze the relationship between species attributes (e.g. functional traits) and sample 13 attributes (e.g. environmental variables) via the matrix of species composition is by calculating 14 the community-weighted mean of species attributes (CWM) and relating it to sample attributes 15 by correlation, regression, ANOVA etc. This weighted-mean approach is used in a number of 16 ec...

Rapid biodiversity loss has triggered decades of research on the relationships between and community stability. Recent studies highlighted importance species traits for understanding biodiversity–stability relationships. The with high growth rates (‘fast’ species) are expected to be less resistant environmental stress but recover faster if disturbed; in contrast, slow (‘slow’ can more slowly di...

Abstract Stand dynamic rates in Earth's vitally important tropical mountain rain forests are a central component of the response these to global change, but their relationships environmental gradients poorly understood. We worked mature on 440–2810 m asl altitudinal gradient Costa Rica's Talamanca Cordillera, making five censuses 29 0.25‐ha permanent sample plots during 2012–2019. determined mo...

Within the Anthropocene functional diversity of coral communities is changing rapidly, putting resilience many reef ecosystems in jeopardy. A better understanding relationship between and could reveal practical ways to achieve increased resilience. However, manipulating experimentally challenging, consequently links diversity, resilience, ecosystem functioning remain obscure. We used an ecologi...

Aim Theoretical, experimental and observational studies have shown that biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (BEF) relationships are influenced by functional community structure through two mutually non-exclusive mechanisms: (1) the dominance effect (which relates to traits of dominant species); (2) niche partitioning [which diversity (FD)]. Although both mechanisms been studied in plant communit...

Data Warehouse (DW), On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) and Geographical Information System (GIS) are tools for providing decision-making support. Much research is aimed at integrating these technologies, but there are still some open questions, particularly regarding to the design of spatial dimensional schemas of Geographical DW (GDW) and the models for providing a semantic integration amon...