In 1933, Gödel considered two modal approaches to describing provability. One captured formal provability and resulted in the logic GL and Solovay’s Completeness Theorem. The other was based on the modal logic S4 and led to Artemov’s Logic of Proofs LP. In this paper, we study introduced by the author logic GLA, which is a fusion of GL and LP in the union of their languages. GLA is supplied wit...

In this paper, we propose a novel improvement for the generalized Lloyd Algorithm (GLA). Our algorithm makes use of an M-tree index built on the codebook which makes it possible to reduce the number of distance computations when the nearest code words are searched. Our method does not impose the use of any specific distance function, but works with any metric distance, making it more general th...

INTRODUCTION The giant left atrium (GLA) is a complication of severe mitral valve disease and causes morbidity by compressing adjacent intra-thoracic structures. CLINICAL PICTURE We report 2 cases of unusual pulmonary complications of the GLA. Case 1 developed recurrent collapse of the left lung due to left main bronchus compression. Case 2 was diagnosed with right middle lobe compression and...

Generalised lymphatic anomaly (GLA), also known as lymphangiomatosis, is a rare disease caused by congenital abnormalities of lymphatic development. It usually presents in childhood but can also be diagnosed in adults. GLA encompasses a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from single-organ involvement to generalised disease. Given the rarity of the disease, most of the information ...

In the London context, population and economic growth have created acute pressures on housing. London’s population is projected to increase by around 1.14 million to 8.71 million by 2026 (GLA, 2006a) whilst employment is projected to increase by 912,000 jobs between 2006 and 2026 (GLA Economics, 2007). The Further Alterations to the London Plan has set targets of building over 30,000 new homes ...

Generalized Lloyd Algorithm(GLA) is important in vector quantizer design. It runs fast, but it is sensitive to initial conditions and it may find a local optimum. We propose an improved approach based on GLA, named vector quantized codebook reorganization algorithm (VQCRA). VQCRA finds better codebooks in less time, and is insensitive to initial conditions as compared with GLA.. The experiments...

The NPH era started in 1946 and ended nearly 60 years later with the introduction to the market of the long-acting analogs, glargine in 2000 (1) and detemir in 2004 (2). More recently, a secondgeneration acylated long-acting insulin analog, degludec (3), has becomeavailable in some countries outside the U.S. In this issue of the journal, Becker et al. (4) report on pharmacokinetics (PK) and pha...

Anderson-Fabry disease (E C 3.2.1.22, MIM 301500) is an X linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme α-galactosidase A (GLA). 2 The onset of the disease and the severity of clinical manifestations depend principally on residual GLA enzymatic activity. Fabry disease can be classified into two clinical phenotypes: the classical form and the cardiac variant. 3 The class...

Anderson-Fabry disease (E C 3.2.1.22, MIM 301500) is an X linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme α-galactosidase A (GLA). 2 The onset of the disease and the severity of clinical manifestations depend principally on residual GLA enzymatic activity. Fabry disease can be classified into two clinical phenotypes: the classical form and the cardiac variant. 3 The class...

Malignant gliomas are among the most devastating of cancers and are a major cause of mortality in a young population with a median survival time of 9 months following cytoreductive surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Recent studies showed that polyunsaturated fatty acids especially gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) have selective tumoricidal action especially against malignant glioma cells both in...