Predicting species vulnerability to global warming requires a comprehensive, mechanistic understanding of sublethal and lethal thermal tolerances. To date, however, most studies investigating species physiological responses to increasing temperature have focused on the underlying physiological traits of either acute or chronic tolerance in isolation. Here we propose an integrative, synthetic ap...

Nidelric pugio gen. et sp. nov. from the Cambrian Series 2 Heilinpu Formation, Chengjiang Lagerstätte, Yunnan Province, China, is an ovoid, sac-like metazoan that bears single-element spines on its surface. N. pugio shows no trace of a gut, coelom, anterior differentiation, appendages, or internal organs that would suggest a bilateral body plan. Instead, the sac-like morphology invites comparis...

The Mediterranean Sea is one of the world’s hotspots for marine bio-invasions. Most invasions are first documented based on an initial record of occasional adult captures. However, reports of larval stages could indicate that there is an adult population that is reproducing and therefore well established in the area. The spread of the oriental shrimp, Palaemon macrodactylus, from its native est...

A series of experiments using serological reagents was conducted to examine predation, ingestion and digestion in a model predator-prey system. The harpacticoid copepod Amphiascoides atopus, obtained from mass culture, was used as prey and the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, as predator. Bulk-gut passage time in P. pugio was measured by visualization of latex beads and ranged from 0.5 to 4 h ...

Predation by visual predators is often affected by light conditions and may therefore exhibit strong diel variation. The dominant predators on grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, are finfish predators that are thought to locate their prey by visual cues. We examined the response of grass shrimp to diel variation in predation risk in the nearshore shallow waters of the Chesapeake Bay. We used diel...

Global change has become a major driving force of both terrestrial and marine systems. Located at the interface between these two realms, estuarine ecosystems are probably the place where both direct and indirect effects of human activities conspire together to affect biodiversity from phytoplankton to top predators. Among European estuarine systems, the Gironde is the largest estuary of Wester...

Aims: The aim of this work was to investigate the effect humic acid, applied at different concentrations and time intervals, on vegetative flowering characters Zinnia elegans.
 Study Design: experiment designed as a complete randomized design with three replications total nine treatments.
 Place Duration Study: conducted Department Horticulture, School Agriculture, Lovely Professional...