Objective To evaluate the value of free-run electromyography (f-EMG) monitoring of extraocular cranial nerves (EOCN) III, IV, and VI during expanded endonasal surgery (EES) of the skull base in reducing iatrogenic cranial nerve (CN) deficits. Design We retrospectively identified 200 patients out of 990 who had at least one EOCN monitored during EES. We further separated patients into groups acc...

Abstract We present new large field-of-view (∼1°×1°) Ca-CN photometry of the prototypical metal-rich globular cluster 47 Tucanae (NGC 104). Our results are following. (1) The populational number ratios red giant branch (RGB) and horizontal (RHB) in excellent agreement: n (CN-w): (CN-s) = 30:70 (±1–2), where CN-w CN-s stand for CN-weak CN-strong populations, respectively. Both RGB RHB population...

We notice that two combinatorial interpretations of the well-known Catalan numbers Cn = (2n)!/n!(n+1)! naturally give rise to a recursion for Cn. This recursion is ideal for the study of the congruences of Cn modulo 2 r, which attracted a lot of interest recently. We present short proofs of some known results, and improve Liu and Yeh’s recent classification of Cn modulo 2 r. The equivalence Cn ...

A rapid and sensitive electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric (ESI-MS-MS) procedure was developed for the determination of cyanide (CN(-)). CN(-) in biological fluids was reacted with NaAuCl(4) to produce dicyanogold, Au(CN)(2)(-), which was extracted with methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). One microliter of the extract was injected directly into an ESI-MS-MS instrument. Quantification of...

In the first part of this research, extensive speciesdependent cyanide recoveries studies were performed using the approved standard methods available for determination of free cyanide. The data obtained show that serious problems are associated with both the CATC (cyanide amenable to chlorination) and WAD (weak and dissociable cyanide) methods. In the second part, a novel flow injection gas-di...

We give some inequalities of capacity in Gaussian channel with or without feedback. The nonfeedback capacity Cn,Z(P ) and the feedback capacity Cn,FB,Z(P ) are both concave functions of P . Though it is shown that Cn,Z(P ) is a convex function of Z in some sense, Cn,FB,Z(P ) is a convex like function of Z.

For each fixed pair α, c > 0 let INDEPENDENT SET (m ≤ cn) and INDEPENDENT SET (m ≥ n2 ) − cn) be the problem INDEPENDENT SET restricted to graphs on n vertices with m ≤ cn or m ≥ n2 )− cn edges, respectively. Analogously, HAMILTONIAN CIRCUIT (m ≤ n + cn) and HAMILTONIAN PATH (m ≤ n + cn) are the problems HAMILTONIAN CIRCUIT and HAMILTONIAN PATH restricted to graphs with m ≤ n + cn edges. For ea...