A model of soft frictionless disks in two dimensions at zero temperature is simulated with a shearing dynamics to study various kinds of asymmetries in sheared systems. We examine both single particle properties, the spatial velocity correlation function, and a correlation function designed to separate clockwise and counterclockwise rotational fields from one another. Among the rich and interes...

In this Letter, a collimated light acoustooptic lateral shearing interferometer (AO/LSI) capable of variable shear is described for use with either visual or ac electronic real-time phase measurements. The principle of operation of the AO/LSI is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. An input beam of diameter W is incident at Bragg’s angle upon two acoustooptic modulators (AOM’s) in series. They are shown sch...

The framework of cyclostationary random processes is used to develop classical coherence theory for the measurement of statistically periodic stochastic optical fields, such as those produced by pulsed lasers. Cycloergodicity is invoked to show that precise and accurate inferences of the nonstationary process statistics can be made from a single field realization. In particular, many-pulse obse...

The feasibility of a mean-field dynamo in nonhelical turbulence with a superimposed linear shear is studied numerically in elongated shearing boxes. Exponential growth of the magnetic field at scales much larger than the outer scale of the turbulence is found. The characteristic scale of the field is lB proportional S(-1/2) and the growth rate is gamma proportional S, where S is the shearing ra...

Free-space propagation can be described as a shearing of the Wigner distribution function in the spatial coordinate; this shearing is linear in paraxial approximation but assumes a more complex shape for wide-angle propagation. Integration in the frequency domain allows the determination of near-field diffraction, leading to the well known Fresnel diffraction when small angles are considered an...

A laser radar using an array of heterodyne detectors offers the possibility of fine resolution angleangle imaging. The heterodyne measurements, however, are subject to phase errors due to atmospheric turbulence and mechanical misalignment. A method is described that employs digital shearing of the heterodyne measurements as a means to remove phase errors. By this method large phase errors can b...