Value at Risk (VaR) is a central concept in risk management. As stressed by Artzner et al. (1999), VaR may not possess the subadditivity property required to be a coherent measure of risk. The key idea of this paper is that, when tail thickness is responsible for violation of subadditivity, eliciting proper conditioning information may restore VaR rationale for decentralized risk management. Th...

Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of severe human malaria, employs antigenic variation to avoid host immunity. Antigenic variation is achieved by transcriptional switching amongst polymorphic var genes, enforced by epigenetic modification of chromatin. The histone-modifying 'sirtuin' enzymes PfSir2a and PfSir2b have been implicated in this process. Disparate patterns of var expression ...

In this study, a vector autoregression (VAR) model with time-varying parameters (TVP) to predict the daily Indian rupee (INR)/US dollar (USD) exchange rates for the Indian economy is developed. The method is based on characterization of the TVP as an optimal control problem. The methodology is a blend of the flexible least squares and Kalman filter techniques. The out-of-sample forecasting perf...

This paper introduces a Value-at-Risk (VaR) model to generate route choices for a hazmat shipment based on a specified risk confidence level. The objective is to determine a route which minimizes the likelihood that the risk will be greater than a set threshold. Several properties of the VaR model are established. An exact solution procedure is proposed and tested to solve the single-trip probl...

In this paper, one of the evolutionary algorithm based method, Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA) has been presented for the Volt / Var control in power distribution systems with dispersed generation (DG). The proposed method is better suited for volt/var control problems. Genetic algorithm approach is used due to its broad applicability, ease of use and high accuracy. A multi-objec...

The Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family is a highly polymorphic class of variant surface antigens encoded by var genes that play an important role in malaria pathogenesis. This report describes the unexpected finding that 1 of the var genes encoding a PfEMP1 variant that binds to the host receptor chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) and is implicated in malaria in pregn...

A slice of a program P with respect to a slicing criterion C ≡ ({var}, c_stmt) is a subset of the program which includes all statements that directly or indirectly affect the value of variable var in c_stmt [1,10–12]. A static slice includes all statements which might affect the value of var. It is constructed using program analysis techniques. A dynamic slice consists of only those statements ...

From 2150 isolates from raw milk and milk products, yeast strains were surveyed to produce glucosylceramide from cheese whey. Most of the 54 strains that had accumulated a detectable amount of glucosylceramide were identified as Kluyveromyces lactis var. lactis. The cells of K. lactis var. lactis strain M-11 derived from domestic raw milk accumulated glucosylceramide 2.5-fold higher than K. lac...

In this study, we propose an improved fuzzy multi-objective portfolio selection model (VaR-MOPSM) with distinct risk measurements. The VaR-MOPSM can precisely evaluate the investment and increase the probability of obtaining the expected return. When building the model, fuzzy Value-at-Risk (VaR), which can directly reflect the greatest loss of a selection case under a given confidence level, is...

While the importance of Granger-causal (G-causal) relationships for learning vector autoregressive models (VARs) is widely acknowledged, the state-of-theart VAR methods do not address the problem of discovering the underlying Gcausality structure in a principled manner. VAR models can be restricted if such restrictions are supported by a strong domain theory (e.g. economics), but without such s...