Human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase has been found to be capable of hydrolyzing p-nitrophenyl esters. Esterase and dehydrogenase activities exhibited identical ion exchange and affinity properties, indicating that the same protein catalyzes both reactions. Competitive inhibition of esterase activity by glyceraldehyde and chloral hydrate furnished evidence that p-nitrophenyl acetate was hydrolyze...

An immobilized three-enzyme system, malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37)-citrate synthase (EC 4.1.3.7)-lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), was investigated as a model for the rate of oxalacetate production and utilization in mitochondria. Lactate dehydrogenase is included to mimic the NADH-utilizing system of mitochondria. This three-enzyme system was immobilized in three different ways (1) on S...

The pyridine nucleotides NAD and NADP play a pivotal role in regulating intermediary metabolism in the heart. The intracellular NAD /NADH ratio controls flux through various dehydrogenase enzymes involved in both anaerobic and aerobic metabolism and also regulates posttranslational protein modification. The intracellular NADP /NADPH ratio controls flux through the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP...

Glycerol-glucose-fed (molar ratio of 2) chemostat cultures of Clostridium acetobutylicum were glucose limited but glycerol sufficient and had a high intracellular NADH/NAD ratio (I. Vasconcelos, L. Girbal, and P. Soucaille, J. Bacteriol. 176:1443-1450, 1994). We report here that the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, one of the key enzymes of the glycolytic pathway, is inhibited by high ...

Arthrobacter oxydans HAP-1 hyperproduces DL-alanine in a non-growth-associated manner. We found that decreased activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase and of the enzyme catalyzing NADH oxidation in the stationary phase are paralleled by a shift of pyruvate metabolism to alanine synthesis by L-alanine dehydrogenase. We propose that this enzyme functions as an electron sink even under aerobic condit...

The regulatory effects of alpha-ketoisovalerate on purified bovine heart pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and endogenous pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase were investigated. Incubation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex with 0.125 to 10 mM alpha-ketoisovalerate caused an initial lag in enzymatic activity, followed by a more linear but inhibited rate of NADH production. Incubation with 0.0125 or 0.05 m...

A large-type sexannulate leech species, Orobdella ibukifukuyamai sp. nov. , from Kii-Oshima Island, Japan, is described based on morphologic and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses using nuclear 18S rRNA, 28S histone H3, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, tRNA Cys Met 12S Val 16S Leu NADH dehydrogenase 1 markers showed that O. formed a clade with the okanoi Nakano, 2016 yamaneae oc...

ei Zheng ong Li ianan Y. Qu ong Kong University of Science and Technology epartment of Electronic and Computer Engineering lear Water Bay, Kowloon ong Kong, China Abstract. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH is a well-known metabolic coenzyme and endogenous fluorophore. In this study, we develop a system that simultaneously measures timeand wavelength-resolved fluorescence to extrac...

This note compares the substrate specificity of D-lactate dehydrogenase (D-LDH, EC 1.1.1.28) to that of L-lactate dehydrogenase (L-LDH, EC 1.1.1.27), illustrates three procedures that use D-LDH in synthesis and two methods for recycling NADH, and provides experimental details illustrating the use of D-LDH in organic synthesis.

BACKGROUND Acetoin reductase (Acr) catalyzes the conversion of acetoin to 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) with concomitant oxidation of NADH to NAD(+). Therefore, intracellular 2,3-BD production is likely governed by the quantities of rate-limiting factor(s) Acr and/or NADH. Previously, we showed that a high level of Acr was beneficial for 2,3-BD accumulation. RESULTS Metabolic engineering strategies...