The mammalian Ste20-like Nck-interacting kinase (NIK) and its orthologs Misshapen in Drosophila and Mig-15 in Caenorhabditis elegans have a conserved function in regulating cell morphology, although through poorly understood mechanisms. We report two previously unrecognized actions of NIK: regulation of lamellipodium formation by growth factors and phosphorylation of the ERM proteins ezrin, rad...

Members of the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) family of proteins are involved in multiple aspects of cell migration by acting both as crosslinkers between the membrane, receptors and the actin cytoskeleton, and as regulators of signalling molecules that are implicated in cell adhesion, cell polarity and migration. Increasing evidence suggests that the regulation of cell signalling and the cytoskele...

A high prevalence of macrolide resistant isolates has been found among staphylococci isolated from animals (4). The erm(C) gene is the most common gene encoding macrolide resistance in staphylococci (8). It is well known that expression of the erm(C) gene is normally regulated by formation of hairpin structures upstream for the erm(C) gene (5,9) rendering the start codon of erm(C) gene non-acce...

The aim of this study was to compare changes in refraction following lens-sparing vitrectomy between patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and epiretinal membrane (ERM) and to investigate factors associated with the change in refraction.We reviewed medical records of 49 eyes of 49 patients with RRD (53.6 ± 7.8 years, mean ± standard deviation) and 24 eyes of 24 patients with ERM...

We investigate the effects of adopting enterprise risk management (ERM) on performance and risks European publicly listed insurance firms. Using a dataset for 24 years, we report new results which show that ERM adopters realize significant premiums after controlling other covariates endogeneity. Several firm characteristics such as size, opacity, choice external monitoring agents auditors are d...

PURPOSE To evaluate the use of infracyanine green (IFCG) staining in idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery. METHODS A retrospective comparative study of 63 consecutive eyes with ERM operated on with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling using or not filtered IFCG diluted (5:1) in glucose 5%. Main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity, central visual field perimetry, flu...

Sir, Haemophilus parasuis is the causative agent of Glässer’s disease, characterized by fibrinous polyserositis, polyarthritis and meningitis in pigs, which causes considerable economic losses in the swine industry. Macrolide antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. Although macrolides are widely used in the treatment of Gram-positive infections, ...

Fibrosis of the lung is characterized by the accumulation of myofibroblasts, a key mediator in the fibrogenic reaction. Cumulative evidence indicates that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process whereby epithelial cells become mesenchyme-like, is an important contributing source for the myofibroblast population. Underlying this phenotypical change is a dramatic alteration in cellular...

A novel erythromycin ribosome methylase gene, erm(44), that confers resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B (MLSB) antibiotics was identified by whole-genome sequencing of the chromosome of Staphylococcus xylosus isolated from bovine mastitis milk. The erm(44) gene is preceded by a regulatory sequence that encodes two leader peptides responsible for the inducible expression of...