We employ a basic formalism from convex analysis to show a simple relation between the entanglement of formation EF and the conjugate function E of the entanglement function E(ρ) = S(TrA ρ). We then consider the conjectured strong superadditivity of the entanglement of formation EF (ρ) ≥ EF (ρI) + EF (ρII), where ρI and ρII are the reductions of ρ to the different Hilbert space copies, and prov...

The ejection fraction (EF) of the left ventricle was measured by radionudide ventriculography In 64 patients during an acute cerebrovascuiar accident. Sixteen patients (12 with coronary artery disease) died within two weeks of the onset of symptoms and had only one EF measurement. In the remaining 48 patients, the EF was also measured two weeks and three months after the acute event. The ejecti...

This study examined the developmental trajectories of three frequently postulated executive function (EF) components, Working Memory, Shifting, and Inhibition of responses, and their relation to performance on standard, but complex, neuropsychological EF tasks, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST), and the Tower of London (ToL). Participants in four age groups (7-, 11-, 15-, and 21-year olds)...

This study investigated (1) whether attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) is associated with executive functioning (EF) deficits while controlling for oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD), (2) whether ODD/CD is associated with EF deficits while controlling for AD/HD, and (3) whether a combination of AD/HD and ODD/CD is associated with EF deficits (and the possibili...

BACKGROUND Superoxide generated by non-phagocytic NADPH oxidases (NOXs) is of growing importance for physiology and pathobiology. The calcium binding domain (CaBD) of NOX5 contains four EF-hands, each binding one calcium ion. To better understand the metal binding properties of the 1st and 2nd EF-hands, we characterized the N-terminal half of CaBD (NCaBD) and its calcium-binding knockout mutant...

Background—Patients with low ejection fraction (EF) are at a higher risk for postoperative complications and mortality. Our objective was to assess the effect of low EF on clinical outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods and Results—We analyzed 55,515 patients from New York State database who underwent CABG between 1997 and 1999. Patients were stratified into 1 of the 4 E...

Background The use of chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer is associated with cardiovascular injuries and is most commonly monitored with assessments of left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) [1]. Often, EF changes are detected quite late; myocardial strain may identify early, subclinical changes in myocardial injury prior to a decline in EF. Recently, it has been possible to measure myoca...

Streptococcus suis strains (n=411), isolated from diseased pigs in seven European countries were serotyped using specific antisera against serotype 1 to 28, and were phenotyped on the basis of their muramidase-released-protein (MRP) and extracellular-factor protein (EF) production. Overall, S. suis serotype 2 appeared to be most prevalent (32%), followed by serotype 9 (20%) and serotype 1 (12%)...

Emotions play a crucial role in appraisal of experiences and environments and in guiding thoughts and actions. Moreover, executive function (EF) and emotion regulation (ER) have received much attention, not only for positive associations with children's social-emotional functioning, but also for potential central roles in cognitive functioning. In one conceptualization of ER (Campos etal., 2004...