Abstract The genetic variability and the prevalence of drug resistance-associated mutations (DRAM) of HIV-1 isolates from 50 women and 8 children from Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil were investigated. DNA samples were obtained and pol sequences were generated by PCR and direct sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 39 (67.2%) samples were subtype B, four (6.9%) F, one (1.7%) C, and 14 (...

A new cloning strategy is described which utilizes direct selection of recombinants for shotgun sequencing in the filamentous bacteriophage M13. Direct selection is accomplished by insertional inactivation of the M13 gene X protein, a powerful inhibitor of phage-specific DNA synthesis when overproduced. An extra copy of gene X was inserted into the intergenic region of M13 and placed under the ...

The ability to survive in human macrophages is a hallmark of the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although the intracellular parasitism is apparent, the molecular determinants behind are still largely unknown. The truncated Rv2820c of the Beijing/W strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was previously shown to enhance the survival of Mycobacterium smegmatis in the human macrophages. The ...

In this study, we overcame the limitations of single-enzyme system catalysis by codisplaying Candida rugosa lipase 1 (CRL1) and Rhizopus oryzae (ROL) on cell surfaces whole-cell catalyst Pichia pastoris to produce biodiesel from tallow seed oil. We screened double antibiotic-resistant strains tributyrin plates, performed second electroporation based single-displayed ROL GS115/KpRS recombinants ...

Swine influenza virus (SIV), subtype H3N2, is a recent reassortant virus that emerged in 1998 in North American swine causing severe respiratory and reproductive disease. In this study, two replication-defective adenovirus recombinants were developed as potential vaccines against H3N2 influenza viruses. Three groups of 3-week-old pigs (10 pigs per group) were vaccinated intramuscularly (IM) wit...

We have constructed vaccinia virus recombinants expressing dengue virus proteins from cloned DNA for use in experimental immunoprophylaxis. A recombinant virus containing a 4.0-kilobase DNA sequence that codes for three structural proteins, capsid (C), premembrane (pre-M), and envelope (E), and for nonstructural proteins NS1 and NS2a produced authentic pre-M, E, and NS1 in infected CV-1 cells. ...

We describe the use of a synthetic primer to select a cDNA recombinant clone containing H5 coding sequences. The strategy used was as follows: 1. Prepare oligo(dT) cellulose-bound mRNA from chicken reticulocytes and select 11S-18S material from sucrose gradients. 2. Use this RNA fraction both to prepare a cDNA library and as a template for H5-specific cDNA synthesis using a synthetic primer. 3....

The crossover points of nine intra-I region recombinant mouse strains were determined by restriction fragment analysis. The recombinants were examined for the presence of k and p haplotype specific DNA restriction endonuclease sites. These restriction sites were a Sac I site between the E beta and E beta 2 genes, a Hpa I site within the E beta 2 gene, and a Rsa I site approximately 1 kb to the ...

After co-infection of Sc-1 cells with N- and B-tropic murine leukemia viruses that differ in their XC plaque morphology, Hopkins et al. (1976) obtained viruses, designated XLP-N, that appeared to be recombinants, since they possess the N-tropism of one parent and the XC plaque morphology of the other (the B-tropic virus) parent. Here we present evidence, based on antigenicity and electrophoreti...

We report the rescue of a defective vaccinia virus, forming the basis for a stringent selection protocol to generate replicating recombinant virus without the need for marker cassettes and selection agents. Plaques of recombinant virus could be isolated solely by their ability to grow in wild-type cells normally supporting the growth of vaccinia virus. All growth-competent clones analyzed conta...