Problem statement: The strength of the block ciphers depend on the degree of confusion and diffusion induced in the cipher. Most of the transformations used for this purpose are well known to every one and can be broken by a crypt analyzer. Therefore, in order to counter attack the crypt analyzer, there is a need for better transformations in addition to the existing one. Approach: We tried to ...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Studies have confirmed a strong association between periodontal disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Treatment of DM is in the field of internists. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and performance of Iranian internists regarding the relationship of DM and PD. METHODS: In this cross-sectional stud...

Ten novel HLA-DRB1 and one DRB3 alleles are described. Eight of the variants are single-nucleotide substitutions, four resulting in an amino acid change (DRB1*1145, *1148, *0828 and *1514) and four with silent substitutions (DRB1*040504, *130103, *160502 and DRB3*020204). Two alleles differ by two nucleotide changes altering one (DRB1*1447 and *1361) amino acid and one allele alters three nucle...

Novel inhibitors of Ca2+ and calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase were isolated from the culture broth of a fungus, Mollisia ventosa KAC-1148. They were designated as KS-504a, KS-504b and KS-504d. A degradative product of KS-504a, called KS-504e, was also isolated and found to inhibit the enzyme. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of KS-504a, KS-504b, KS-504d and...

The chemical composition, degradability coefficients (in situ) and ruminal-intestinal disappearance(mobile bag procedure) of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) were evaluated for olive cake (OC)silages treated (DM basis) with additives as follows: (1) untreated OC, (2) OC + 0.5% urea, (3) OC + 0.4%formic acid, (4) OC + 8% molasses, (5) OC + 0.5% urea + 8% molasses, (6) OC + 0.5% urea + 0.4%...

the chemical composition, degradability coefficients (in situ) and ruminal-intestinal disappearance(mobile bag procedure) of dry matter (dm) and crude protein (cp) were evaluated for olive cake (oc)silages treated (dm basis) with additives as follows: (1) untreated oc, (2) oc + 0.5% urea, (3) oc + 0.4%formic acid, (4) oc + 8% molasses, (5) oc + 0.5% urea + 8% molasses, (6) oc + 0.5% urea + 0.4%...

the study of the potntial for using leucaena leucocephala or manihot esculentafor supplementing feeding of west african dwarf goats were carried out from november 2003 to january 2004 inthe experimental farm of the universityof dschang. twenty four west african dwarf goats, were divided in three groups of eight animals, each one 12 months old with average weight of 13.1±4.4 kg, were used in thi...

Degradation of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) in fresh or frozen-thawed alfalfa and ryegrass was studied by using in situ technique. The forages were labeled with 15N during growth in a glasshouse, harvested at similar growth phase, and fresh (F) or frozen-thawed (FT) samples were incubated in the rumen of 3 sheep. There was no difference (P>0.05) between forage type (S) for the immediately s...

One of the key points addressed by Per Bak in his models of brain function was that biological neural systems must be able not just to learn, but also to adapt—to quickly change their behaviour in response to a changing environment. I discuss this in the context of various simple learning rules and adaptive problems, centred around the Chialvo-Bak ‘minibrain’ model [Neurosci. 90 (1999) 1137–1148].