Objective: Alcohol use among college students is pervasive and affected by economic factors such as personal income and alcohol price. The authors examined the relationship among students’ spending money, drinking rate, and alcohol-related consequences. Participants: In 2005, the authors conducted a Web-based survey among a random sample of 3,634 undergraduate students from 2 large universities...

To determine whether smoking more, compared to less, potent marijuana (MJ) cigarettes to a desired level of intoxication ("high") reduces pulmonary exposure to noxious smoke components, in 10 habitual smokers of MJ, we measured respiratory delivery and deposition of tar and delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) boost, smoking topography, including cumulative puff volume (C...

In this study, the energy balance and Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG) of cotton cultivation in Bismil district Diyarbakır province Turkey was defined. The GHG computed by conducting face to surveys with 73 farms 2018-2019 season, which were selected simple random sampling method. input output as 54 617.62 MJ ha-1 65 984.42 ha-1, respectively. Energy inputs occurs electricity 18 608.40 (34.06%), ...

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin Karaman ili merkeze bağlı Taşkale köyünde mısır tarımında enerji bilançosunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Denemeler Taşkale’de bulunan bir üreticisinin işletmesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemelerde, girdileri; insan işgücü enerjisi, makine dizel yakıt kimyasal gübre tohumluğun enerjisi ve sulama suyunun enerjileri olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Üretim süresince bunların ...

The changes in respiration rate and soluble sugar content of detached rice (Oryza sativa) leaves were followed during methyl jasmonate (MJ)-promoted senescence. Increase in the respiration of detached rice leaves was observed as a consequence of methyl jasmonate (MJ) treatment for 48 h. However, MJ had no effect on photosynthetic rate in rice leaves. Sucrose and glucose contents, but not fructo...

background: based on contradictory findings concerning the use of lasers for enamel etching, the purpose of this study was to investigate the shear bond strength of teeth prepared for bonding with er-yag laser etching and compare them with phosphoric acid etching. materials and methods: in this in vitro study forty – eight premolars, extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly divided in t...

BACKGROUND The effect of methyl jasmonate (MJ) on ginsenoside production in different organs of ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) was evaluated after the whole plant was dipped in an MJ-containing solution. MJ can induce the production of antioxidant defense genes and secondary metabolites in plants. In ginseng, MJ treatment in adventitious root resulted in the increase of dammarenediol synthase ex...