We studied 34 patients undergoing elective repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm under combined general anaesthesia and epidural block to evaluate the acute effects of diaspirin crosslinked haemoglobin (DCLHb) 50, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 i.v. Haemodynamic variables were measured continuously using pulmonary and radial artery catheters, and oxygen delivery and consumption were calculated at regular...

The effects of Org 9426 (the 2-morpholino, 3-hydroxy, 16N-allyl pyrrolidino analogue of vecuronium) were studied in anaesthetized cats and pigs and in isolated nerve--muscle preparations using tension and intracellular recording techniques. In isolated preparations, the effects of Org 9426 were antagonized by neostigmine. No contracture of the chick muscle preparation occurred. Org 9426 reduced...

In a recent contribution, Kumar et al. (J Mech Phys Solids 142:104027, 2020) have introduced comprehensive macroscopic phase-field theory for the nucleation and propagation of fracture in linear elastic brittle materials under arbitrary quasistatic loading conditions. The can be viewed as natural generalization approximation variational Francfort Marigo 46:1319–1342, 1998) to account material s...

An N-butyl analog of benztropine, JHW007 [N-(n-butyl)-3α-[bis(4'-fluorophenyl)methoxy]-tropane], binds to dopamine transporters (DAT) but has reduced cocaine-like behavioral effects and antagonizes various effects of cocaine. The present study further examined mechanisms underlying these effects. Cocaine dose-dependently increased locomotion, whereas JHW007 was minimally effective but increased...

provided a comprehensive review on the recent progress and remaining puzzles. Ample evidence suggests that the sensory function of TRPA1 is evolutionarily conserved. This notion is further supported by the fact that TRPA1 from several mammalian species (human, rat, and mouse) is activated by common ligands (a plethora of electrophylus) through a common mechanism (covalent modification). However...

budget deficit constitutes a major fiscal indicator. it has major important ramification on macro-economic position of all nations. in developing countries generally, and in iran specifically, governments are likely to spend more on miscellaneous as well as differentiated obligations causing high expenditure costs with respect to their limited revenues. this causes a budget deficit to incur. th...