Root canal irrigation is an important adjunct to control microbial infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 2.5% (wt/vol) sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) agitation on the removal, killing, and degradation of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. A total of 45 root canal models were manufactured using 3D printing with each model comprising an 18 mm length simulated root canal of ap...

semiarid regions with their exceptional weather conditions, low precipitation, and high evapotranspiration pose a great challenge to water resources managers. one possible way to face this challenge is the conjunctive use of both surface water and groundwater resources in these regions. this paper proposes a conjunctive use model which has been implemented in najafabad plain in central iran. th...

In this research, the effects of irrigation with saline and fresh water through drip irrigation method and using two irrigation management strategies: M1, M2 (M1 is irrigation with fresh water in alternative with saline water, M2 is saline water in first half time of each irrigation event and fresh water in the second half), on the yield, water productivity (WP), soil salinity, plant height...

to better understand the potential for improving biomass accumulation and radiation use efficiency (rUE) of winter wheat under deficit irrigation regimes, in 2006–2007 and 2007–2008, an experiment was conducted at the luancheng Experimental Station of Chinese academy of Science to study the effects of deficit irrigation regimes on the photosynthetic active radiation (Par), biomass accumulation,...

We developed an irrigation mapping methodology that relies on remotely sensed inputs from MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument, globally extensive ancillary sources of gridded climate and agricultural data and on an advanced image classification algorithm. In the first step, we used climate-based indices of surface moisture status and a map of cultivated lands to pro...

The North China Plain is one of the most important grain production regions in China, but is facing serious water shortages. To achieve a balance between water use and the need for food self-sufficiency, new water efficient irrigation strategies need to be developed that balance water use with farmer net return. The Crop Environment Resource Synthesis Wheat (CERES-Wheat model) was calibrated an...

Shortage and salinity of irrigation water are two major constraints that influence rapeseed production in arid and semi-arid regions of central and southern Iran. In this study, effects of deficit irrigation with different salinity levels and planting methods (in-furrow and on-ridge) as strategies for coping with water and salinity stresses on yield and yield quality of rapeseed were invest...