In drylands, most studies of extreme precipitation events examine effects individual years or short-term events, yet multiyear periods (>3 y) are expected to have larger impacts on ecosystem dynamics. Our goal was take advantage a sequence multiple long-term (4-y) (dry, wet, average) that occurred naturally within 26-y time frame responses plant species richness rainfall in grasslands and sh...

This study aims to analyze and describe the song Usah Diratok'i related rhythm, melody, harmony, form structure, expression. type of research is a qualitative with content analysis approach. The instrument researcher himself as main instrument, data collection carried out through literature study, observation document stages.The results showed that has tempo 60-65 3/4 bar. Using major scale, se...

Fluxes of water and carbon dioxide from short-rotation Salix viminalis L. were measured at leaf, tree and stand scales using porometer, chamber and micrometeorological techniques, respectively. At all three scales, instantaneous water use efficiency exhibited a similar dependence on vapor pressure deficit (deltae) with values of 21, 13 and 10 g CO(2) per kg H(2)O for deltae of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ...

One-dimensional three-body Schrödinger equation is studied, with binding mediated by the power-law two-body long-range attraction V (x) = αx in superposition with a short-range repulsion V (x) = β/x (plus, possibly, further subdominant power-law components). Such an unsolvable and non-separable generalization of Calogero model (where one had L = K = 2) is shown to become separable and solvable ...

Lower bounds on the subdominant eigenvalue of regular graphs of given girth are derived. Our approach is to approximate the discrete spectrum of a finite regular graph by the continuous spectrum of an infinite regular tree. We interpret these spectra as probability distributions and the girth condition as equalities between the moments of these distributions. Then the associated orthogonal poly...

This study empirically explores root progression theories as a differentiator between tonal and pre-tonal music with a statistical corpus analysis of Palestrina Madrigals and Bach Chorales. Results found some quantitative evidence in the corpora for Rameau’s rule-based root progression theory and Meeus’ symmetry between “dominant” and “subdominant” root progressions. Further investigation revea...

We introduce the concepts of adiabatic (curvature) and isocurvature (entropy) cosmological perturbations and present their relevance for parameter estimation from cosmic microwave background anisotropies data. We emphasize that, while present-day data are in excellent agreement with pure adiabaticity, subdominant isocurvature contributions cannot be ruled out. We discuss model independent const...

A new mechanism is suggested for efficient proton acceleration in the GeV energy range; applications to non-conventional high intensity proton drivers and, hence, to low-energy (10-200 MeV) neutrino sources are discussed. In particular we investigate possible uses to explore subdominant ν̄μ → ν̄e oscillations at the atmospheric scale and their CP conjugate. We emphasize the opportunity to develop...