Patients with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) frequently have anaemia of sufficient severity as to require a blood transfusion. However, it is impossible to find compatible blood when, as is frequently the case, the autoantibody in the patient's serum reacts with all normal red blood cells. Further, the autoantibody may mask the presence of a red cell alloantibody capable of causing a haem...

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a relatively rare disorder with an incidence of 1-3 per 100,000 [1]. Warm AIHA (WAIHA) is typically due to IgG autoantibodies with optimal reactivity at 37°C and account for the vast majority of AIHA cases (80-90%) [1,2]. Clinical presentation can range from an asymptomatic, compensated hemolytic anemia to acute life-threatening hemolysis. Hemolysis is typi...

marrow examination actually showed relative erythroid hypoplasia. Many patients with homozygous thalassemia have intense erythropoietic marrow activity, with M:E ratios of 1:20. Thus, in this case, a M:E ratio of 1:8 may not truly reflect hyperplasia relative to this child’s baseline condition. Due to the different results reported in the immunohematologic studies, a definite explanation about ...

to evaluate the effects of biological phosphorous, chemical fertilizers and limited irrigation regime on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of two different grain sorghum cultivars (kimiya and speedeh), this experiment was conducted in research farm of college of agriculture, university of tehran during 2009 growing season. the experimental treatments were arranged as split split plot...

A 58-year-old man with warm-antibody-mediated autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) refractory to prednisolone, azathioprine, splenectomy, rituximab and combination chemotherapy, and with unacceptably high transfusion requirement, was treated with alemtuzumab. After a cumulative dose of 883 mg of alemtuzumab, the AIHA remitted completely, with normalization of hemoglobin and transfusion-independen...

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) occurs when pathogenic autoantibodies against red blood cell (RBC) antigens are generated. While the basic disease pathology of AIHA is well studied, the underlying mechanism(s) behind the failure in tolerance to RBC autoantigens are poorly understood. Thus, to investigate the tolerance mechanisms required for the establishment and maintenance of tolerance to ...

Gillon is correct that the four principles provide a sound and useful way of analysing moral dilemmas. As he observes, the approach using these principles does not provide a unique solution to dilemmas. This can be illustrated by alternatives to Gillon's own analysis of the four case scenarios. In the first scenario, a different set of factual assumptions could yield a different conclusion abou...

PURPOSE To explore the ability of macrophages and microglial cells to phagocytize rod outer segments (ROSs) in a cell culture and characterize the resulting lipofuscin-like autofluorescence (LLAF). METHODS Either regular or modified ROSs or ROS components (11-cis-retinal, all-trans-retinal, lipids) were fed to macrophages and microglial cells for 4 days. Afterwards, autofluorescence was detec...

The relative agronomic performance of two organic fertilizers - effluents from intensive cattle farming, after composting either by traditional aerobic methods (compost) or bio-digestion larvae the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, BSF) (frass) in growth annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) on a sandy soil was evaluated. For this purpose, pot trial conducted semi-controlled greenhouse. E...