Aim: Injuries due to traffic accidents are frequent in childhood, and they have high mortality and morbidity. Laryngeal injury due to a traffic accident is a rare pathology and might be missed if not suspected. Here we present a laryngeal fracture in a child after a blunt chest trauma during a traffic accident that presented with pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax. Case: A 14-year-old girl was ...

An extended depth-first-search (EDFS) algorithm is proposed to solve the multi-constrained path (MCP) problem in Quality-of-Service (QoS) routing, which is NPComplete when the number of independent routing constraints is more than one. EDFS solves the general kconstrained MCP problem with pseudo-polynomial time complexity O(m2 · E N + N 2), where m is the maximum number of non-dominated paths m...

This paper proposes a cognitive model for human procedural skill acquisition based on problem sol\ing in problem spaces and the use or’ an&)g! for buildmg the reprcscnration of operator semantics. Protocol data of computer-naive subjects learning the EhlACS text editor suaests that they use their knowledge of typewriting to decide Hhich commands to use in performing editing tasks. We propose a ...

In this paper, new measures of centrality that summarize the contact structure of social networks are proposed. The new measures use a cumulative nomination scheme based on the preliminary assumption that more central individuals will be nominated more often. Some of these measures are defined to characterize networks of different sizes and, by extension, networks made of many components. These...

When the sun comes up on a clear summer morning, it starts to get hot and you know it's going to get hotter. What's remarkable is that plants know it too. However, rather than making plans to hit the swimming pool, plants have to make other arrangements. These arrangements result in tran-scriptional activation of genes encoding heat shock proteins (Hsps); this dramatic mobilization can involve ...

Our general concern is with how to integrate a representation of action into an existing set of state constraints. As has been observed in the literature, state constraints implicitly define indirect effects of actions as well as indirectly imposing further preconditions on the performance of actions. Thus, any representation scheme we propose must address the ramification and qualification pro...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of OPCAB on major postoperative events in a large consecutive cohort of patients, covering the complete spectrum of risk. METHODS A consecutive series of 3333 CABG patients operated in a single institution (Jan/97-Jan/03) is analyzed after a complete (98%) midterm reengineering towards off-pump surgery (Oct/99). Patients in cardiogenic shock are excluded. The ...

Let G(k;r) denote the smallest positive integer g such that if 1 = a1;a2; : : : ;ag is a strictly increasing sequence of integers with bounded gaps a j+1 a j r, 1 j g 1, then fa1;a2; : : : ;agg contains a k-term arithmetic progression. It is shown that G(k;2) > q k 1 2 4 3 k 1 2 , G(k;3) > 2 k 2 ek (1+ o(1)), G(k;2r 1)> r k 2 ek (1+o(1)), r 2. For positive integers k, r, the van der Waerden num...

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) may be compromised by the spread of resistance to sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) across Africa. But little information exists on alternative drugs for IPTp or alternative strategies for the prevention of malaria in pregnancy. Therefore, we have investigated whether screening with a rapid diagnostic...

During smolting, cortisol acts on the gill through intracellular corticosteroid receptors (CR). Regulation of CR concentration (Bmax) and dissociation constant (kd) by environmental factors, however, has not been investigated. We subjected juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to changes in photoperiod and temperature to determine the effect on gill CR Bmax and kd. Cortisol, growth hormone (GH...