Flow visualization techniques using tracer markers such as die, smoke, hydrogen bubbles, etc., have been widely used in experimental investigations of large scale structures of a variety of flow fields. They have played an important role in understanding the physics of the coherent structures' formation and evolution in the transitional as well as the turbulent regions of the flow fields. Howev...

Buoyancy effects in unstably stratified mixing layers express themselves through gravity currents of heavy fluid which propagate in an ambient lighter fluid. These currents are encountered in numerous geophysical flows, industrial safety and environmental protection issues [1] . During transition to turbulence a strong distortion of the separating interface between regions containing ‘heavy’ or...

In the coming years, experiments underway will increase the sensitivity to charged lepton flavor violation by four orders of magnitude. These experiments will stringently probe weak scale physics. I review the status of global symmetries in the standard model and present several well-motivated models that predict observable lepton flavor violation. Finally, I describe what we might learn from f...

There is a need for metrics for inter-organizational collaborative software development projects, encompassing management and technical concerns. In particular, metrics are needed that are aimed at the collaborative aspect itself, such as readiness for collaboration, the quality and/or the costs and benefits of collaboration in a specific ongoing project. We suggest questions and directions for...

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) was recognized as a distinct disease involving both the brain and spinal cord and associated with disseminated demyelinating plaques (“la sclérose en plaques”) and axonal damage more than 145 years ago by French neurologist JeanMartin Charcot [1]. Since that time, the world has witnessed many remarkable discoveries. Due to progress in physics and mathematics, MRI has bec...

We review the arguments in favor of using so called strong primes in the RSA public key cryptosystem There are two types of such arguments those that say that strong primes are needed to protect against factoring attacks and those that say that strong primes are needed to protect against cycling attacks based on repeated encryption We argue that contrary to common belief it is unnecessary to us...

BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate and compare the effect of pre-procedural administration of acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and meloxicam in reducing pain after separator placement. METHODS Three hundred twenty-one patients who needed orthodontic treatment and aged above 15 were randomly assigned to one of the three study groups: group A: 650 mg acetaminophen, group B: 400 mg ibuprofen, and g...

New heterometallic hydride complexes that involve the addition of {Mg−H} and {Zn−H} bonds to group 10 transition metals (Pd, Pt) are reported. The side-on coordination a single Pd forms well-defined σ-complex. In contrast, three or Pt results in formation planar with subtly different geometries. We compare their structures through experiment (X-ray diffraction, neutron multinuclear NMR), comput...

Acute changes associated with removal of the inhibition of estrus caused by suckling were examined in beef cows. Calves were weaned during the fifth week after parturition and cows were slaughtered at 0 (n = 8), 36 (n = 8) or 72 h (n = 8) after calf removal. Tissues of preoptic area (POA), hypothalamus (HYP), pituitary stalk-median eminence (SME) and pituitary neurointermediate lobe (NIL) were ...

OBJECTIVES To determine the pharmacokinetic characteristics of linezolid and teicoplanin in critically ill patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Serum was collected frequently during day 0 and then pre- and 1 h post-dose on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and every third day thereafter during treatment. Serum linezolid concentrations were analysed using HPLC. Serum teicoplanin levels were analysed by fluorescenc...