نتایج جستجو برای: 4571
تعداد نتایج: 186 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
It is well known that the mutual information between two random variables can be expressed as the difference of two relative entropies that depend on an auxiliary distribution, a relation sometimes referred to as the golden formula. This paper is concerned with a finite-blocklength extension of this relation. This extension consists of two elements: (i) a finite-blocklength channel-coding conve...
We present and discuss the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of the peculiar SN 1998bw, associated with GRB 980425, through an analysis of optical and near IR data collected at ESO-La Silla. The spectroscopic data, spanning the period from day −9 to day +376 (relative to B maximum), have shown that this SN was unprecedented, although somewhat similar to SN 1997ef. Maximum expansion veloci...
Our ability to identify and eliminate fecal contamination of water, now and in the future, is essential to reduce incidences of waterborne disease. Bacterial source tracking is a recently developed approach for identifying sources of fecal pollution. PCR primers designed by Bernhard and Field [Bernhard, A.E., Field, K.G., 2000a. A PCR assay to discriminate human and ruminant feces on the basis ...
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to compare the initial construct stability of two retrograde intramedullary nail systems for tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis (TTCF) (A3, Small Bone Innovations; HAN, Synthes) in a biomechanical cadaver study. METHODS Nine pairs of human cadaver bones were instrumented with two different retrograde nail systems. One tibia from each pair was randomized to eith...
We present observations with VLT and HST of the broad emission lines from the inner ejecta and reverse shock of SN 1987A from Feb. 1999 until Jan. 2012 (days 4381 – 9100 after explosion). We detect broad lines from Hα, Hβ, Mg I] λ 4571, Na I λλ 5889-96, [O I] λλ 6300, 6364, [Ca II] λλ 7291, 7324 and a feature at ∼ 9220 Å. We identify the latter line with Mg II λλ 9218, 9244, which is most likel...
IMPORTANCE Little is known about the scope of practice and outcomes in pediatric surgery performed by humanitarian organizations in resource-poor settings and conflict zones. This study provides the largest report to date detailing such data for a major nongovernmental organization providing humanitarian surgical relief support in these settings. OBJECTIVE To characterize pediatric surgical c...
صفات تولید شیر، صفات اقتصادی مهم در صنعت گاو شیری هستند که به عنوان صفات کمی که تحت تأثیر محیط و ژن های زیادی قرار دارند، در نظر گرفته می شود. ژنتیک مولکولی می تواند با روش های سنتی انتخاب مصنوعی روی فنوتیپ، با بکارگیری انتخاب به کمک نشانگر (mas)، به منظور توسعه سیستم های کارآمدتر انتخاب، توأم شود. ژن های خاصی به عنوان کاندیدهای بالقوه در ارتباط با صفات عملکردی شیر ارائه شده اند، در میان آن ها ...
‘‘Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution’’ Theodosius Dobzhansky (1973) History plays a fundamental role in biology. Theodosius Dobzhansky’s now famous quote can be viewed not only as a claim for the explanatory power of the evolutionary process, but also as a proclamation of the importance of recognizing the deep history of life itself. But history plays another, emine...
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