Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is the initial key enzyme in the catabolism of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). We measured DPD activity in lymphocytes from 57 consecutive head and neck cancer patients while simultaneously monitoring 5-FU pharmacokinetics during 5-day, continuous infusion (1000 mg/m2/day) 5-FU therapy (82 cycles in total). The mean value for DPD activity was 0.186 +/- 0.068 (SD) nm...

Betulinic acid selectively inhibits the growth of ovarian carcinoma cell lines without affecting the normal cells. In the present study, the effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and betulinic acid (BA) combination on ovarian carcinoma cells was studied. The results demonstrated that ovarian carcinoma cells on concurrent or 5-FU followed by BA treatment show increased Sub-G1 cell population, increase...

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an anticancer drug and pyrimidine analogue. A problem in 5-FU therapy is acquired resistance to the drug. To find out more about the mechanisms of resistance, we screened a plasmid library in yeast for genes that confer 5-FU resistance when overexpressed. We cloned five genes: CPA1, CPA2, HMS1, HAM1 and YJL055W. CPA1 and CPA2 encode a carbamoyl phosphate synthase involv...

BACKGROUND 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most classic chemotherapy drugs. Nanoparticle drug delivery vehicles offer superiority over target effect enhancement and abatement of side effects. Little is known however as to the specific effect of nanoparticle on peritoneal dissemination of colon cancer. The aim of this study is to prepare one NPs (nanoparticles) loaded with 5-FU and investiga...

The clinical use of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is increasingly limited by low response rates, adverse reactions, and toxicity. A drug combination offers a new strategy for appropriate use of 5-FU. Bestatin, an aminopeptidase N (APN) inhibitor, has been used as an adjuvant chemotherapy drug because of its actions to suppress tumorigenesis and invasion. The current study evaluated the anticancer effic...

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used drug in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the anabolic pathway of 5-FU, the first step in activation of the drug is phosphorylation of 5-FU by orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT), which directly metabolizes 5-FU to 5-fluorouridine monophosphate (FUMP) in the presence of 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate. To date, OPRT expression in the ...

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) exerts cytotoxic effects through inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS) and incorporation of metabolites into RNA. TS inhibition may be greater for infusional 5-FU, with bolus regimens more likely to cause RNA effects. Elevation of plasma 2'-deoxyuridine (dUrd) is a surrogate marker of TS inhibition. Nineteen patients were treated with continuous infusion (CI) 5-FU 300mg/...

Skin tests to various common antigens, dinitrochlorobenzene, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were performed on patients being treated for cutaneous neoplasms with topical 5-FU cream. Eleven of 15 patients tested both before and after therapy converted from skin test negative to positive with respect to 5-FU. This conversion correlated with positive dinitrochlorobenzene skin tests and therapeutic cure...

An advanced multifunctional, hollow metal-organic framework (MOF) drug delivery system with a high drug loading level and targeted delivery was designed and fabricated for the first time and applied to inhibit tumour cell growth. This hollow MOF targeting drug delivery system was prepared via a simple post-synthetic surface modification procedure, starting from hollow ZIF-8 successfully obtaine...