Although historically restricted from combat roles, women suffer from combat-related injuries, especially in recent conflicts where asymmetrical warfare erases distinctions between forward and rear operating areas. U.S. servicewomen who sustained combat-related injury in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) or Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) between January 2003 and May 2014 were identified from the ...

BACKGROUND Airbags in vehicles manufactured after 1997 were depowered to decrease injury risks for infants/children and small adults. It is possible that compared to earlier airbags second-generation airbags provide less injury protection due to their depowered nature. METHODS A cohort study was conducted using 1995-2004 national data. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comp...

BACKGROUND Coagulopathy and old age have been associated with poor outcomes in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients; however, the relationships of coagulopathy and age with the acute phase of TBI remain unclear. We hypothesized that coagulation/fibrinolytic abnormalities are more severe in older patients in the acute phase of TBI and may explain, in part, their poor outcome. METHODS We analy...

PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY To review the characteristics, concomitant injuries and mortality in children with polytrauma and associated pelvic fractures treated in a Level-I Trauma Centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between December 2003 and November 2013, 49 children with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 16 or greater and a pelvic fracture met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated. The mortality,...

Abstract Background The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and Severity Score (ISS) are widely used to assess trauma patients. In this study, the interobserver variability of injury severity assessment for severely injured patients was analyzed based on different anatomical regions, various demographic backgrounds observers. Methods A standardized questionnaire presented surgical experts participan...

objective: the aim of this study is to explore the confirmatory factor analysis results of the persian adaptation of abbreviated math anxiety scale (amas), proposed by hopko, mahadevan, bare & hunt. method: the validity and reliability assessments of the scale were performed on 298 college students chosen randomly from tabriz university in iran. the confirmatory factor analysis (cfa) was carrie...

BACKGROUND Major extracranial injury (MEI) is common in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients, but the effect on outcome is controversial. OBJECTIVE To assess the prognostic value of MEI on mortality after TBI in an individual patient data meta-analysis of 3 observational TBI studies (International Mission on Prognosis and Clinical Trial Design in TBI [IMPACT]), a randomized controlled trial ...

Abstract Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with prolonged admission and 3.5 times increased mortality for trauma patients requiring intensive care (ICU) treatment. Blunt confers greater risk of AKI than penetrating trauma, potentially related to long bone fracture. The relationship between skeletal in ICU has not previously been investigated. Method Retrospective data was ana...

BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a heterogeneous syndrome with a broad range of outcome. We developed a simple model for long-term outcome prognostication after severe TBI. METHODS Secondary data analysis of a large multicenter randomized trial. Patients were grouped according to 6-month extended Glasgow outcome scale (eGOS): poor-outcome (eGOS ≤ 4; severe disability or death) and a...