background:   valproic acid (vpa) is used to be an effective anti-epileptic drug and mood stabilizer. it has recently been demonstrated that vpa could promote neurite outgrowth, activate the extracellular signal regulated kinase pathway, and increases bcl-2 and growth cone-associated protein 43 levels in spinal cord. in the present research we demonstrate the effect of vpa on peripheral nerve r...

conclusions the advantages of dsa in fluoroscopy-guided transforaminal epidural block and nerve block are identification of the degree of appropriate contrast flow (epidural and nerve root sleeve) and the intravascular administration without overlapping radiodense structures. introduction most pain physicians know that fluoroscopy might improve the safety, accuracy, and efficacy of nerve block;...

background: axotomy causes sensory neuronal loss. reconnection of proximal and distal nerve ends by surgical repair improves neuronal survival. it is important to know the morphology of primary sensory neurons after the surgical repair of their peripheral processes. methods: animals (male wistar rats) were exposed to models of sciatic nerve transection, direct epineurial suture repair of sciati...

Our aim is to compare three nerve functors for strict $n$-categories: the Street nerve, cellular and multi-simplicial nerve. We show that these are equivalent in some appropriate sense. In particular, classes of $n$-categorical weak equivalences they define coincide: Thomason equivalences. give two applications this result: first one states a Dyer-Kan-type equivalence equivalence; second one, f...

purpose: to investigate confocal scan features of corneal subbasal nerve plexus and epithelial dendritic cells in herpes simplex keratitis (hsk) as compared to acanthamoeba keratitis (ak). methods: confocal scan records of patients with clinical and confocal microscopic features compatible with hsk and ak as well as confocal scan records of normal participants were reviewed. the density and mor...

carpal tunnel syndrome (cts) is the most well-known and frequent form of median nerve entrapment, and accounts for 90% of all entrapment neuropathies. entrapment neuropathies of the ulnar nerve are relatively common with ulnar neuropathy at the elbow more prevalent than ulnar neuropathy at the wrist. the diagnosis of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow is usually confirmed in a relatively straight – ...

The etymology of anatomical terminology provides insight into the history anatomy, medicine, and scientific understanding. Therefore, this study assessed language 7th century Codex Amiatinus, earliest surviving most reliable copy Saint Jerome’s original 4th Latin Vulgate translation Bible, for details regarding injury Jacob as described in Book Genesis 32:22-32. Amiatinus notes that sustained a...

Background: Two main muscles studied in the hand for evaluation of median nerve injuries are opponens pollicis (OP) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB). However, Riché-Cannieu communicating branch (RCCB) may limit the use of these muscles in electrodiagnosis. This condition is confusing in the case of median nerve injuries. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of RCCB. &...