Macrophages have important physiological roles and display a high degree of heterogeneous phenotypes in response to a variety of stimuli. In particular, the spectrum of alternatively activated macrophages has been a focus because many lines of evidence indicate a cardioprotective role for this macrophage phenotype. This phenotype is controlled in part by opposing nuclear transcription factors i...

Early detection of feline hepatic lipidosis (FHL) with appropriate treatment can increase prognosis significantly. This study looks into the serum biochemistry and lipid composition liver samples in a group stray cats (N=18) collected from pounds Klang Valley, Malaysia. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) blood was used to detect for damage possibly due FHL, confirmed through light microscopy, (trig...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com J Nutr Health Food Eng 2015, 3(1): 00101 Abbreviations: UCP: Uncoupling Proteins; PGC1-α: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Co-Activator 1 Alpha; PPARα; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha; BAIBA: β-Aminoisobutyric Acid; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species; FFA: Free Fatty Acids; ETC: Electron Transport Chain; ATP: Adenosine Tri...

Ligand activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) prevents cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, and we previously reported that diacylglycerol kinase zeta (DGKζ) is critically involved. DGKζ is an intracellular lipid kinase that catalyzes phosphorylation of diacylglycerol; by attenuating DAG signaling, DGKζ suppresses protein kinase C (PKC) and G-protein signaling. Here, we inves...

Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas' disease, induces a persistent inflammatory response. Macrophages are a first line cell phenotype involved in the clearance of infection. Upon parasite uptake, these cells increase inflammatory mediators like NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, leading to parasite killing. Although desired, inflammatory response perpetuation and exacerbation may lead to...

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are a family of related receptors implicated in a diverse array of biological processes. There are 3 main isotypes of PPARs known as PPARalpha, PPARbeta and PPARgamma and each is organized into domains associated with a function such as ligand binding, activation and DNA binding. PPARs are activated by ligands, which can be both endogenous suc...

BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have demonstrated a lot of important effects in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and in the correct functioning of adipose tissue. Recently, many studies have evaluated a possible effect of PPARs on tumor cells. The purpose of this review is to describe the effects of PPARs, their action and their future prospective; ...

The circadian rhythm, controlled by a complex network of cellular transcription factors, orchestrates behavior and physiology in the vast majority of animals. The circadian system is comprised of a master clock located in central nervous system with 24-hour rotation and periphery clocks to ensure optimal timing of physiology in peripheral tissues. Circadian expression of peroxisome proliferator...

The peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand activated receptors which belong to the nuclear hormone receptor family. As with other members of this superfamily, it is thought that the ability of PPAR to bind to a ligand was acquired during metazoan evolution. Three different PPAR isotypes (PPARalpha, PPARbeta, also called 6, and PPARgamma) have been identified in various s...

Since the discovery of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in Xenopus frogs as receptors that induce the proliferation of peroxisomes in cells, the study of these factors has received widespread interest. After the characterization of the different isoforms (PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ) of these nuclear receptors in the 90s, numerous ligands have been described. Although the r...