Alcohol abuse is associated with increased lung infections. Molecular understanding of the underlying mechanisms is not complete. Airway epithelial ion transport regulates the homeostasis of airway surface liquid, essential for airway mucosal immunity and lung host defense. Here, air-liquid interface cultures of Calu-3 epithelial cells were basolaterally exposed to physiologically relevant conc...

Skeletal muscle expresses two catalytic subunits, alpha1 and alpha2, of the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which has been implicated in contraction-stimulated glucose transport and fatty acid oxidation. Muscle contraction activates the alpha2-containing AMPK complex (AMPKalpha2), but this activation may occur with or without activation of the alpha1-containing AMPK complex (AMPKalpha1)...

There is increasing evidence showing that mRNA is transported to the neuronal dendrites in ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes or RNA granules, which are aggregates of mRNA, rRNA, ribosomal proteins, and RNA-binding proteins. In these RNP complexes, Staufen, a double-stranded RNA-binding protein, is believed to be a core component that plays a key role in the dendritic mRNA transport. This study ...

Shiga toxin (Stx) binds to the cell, and it is transported via endosomes and the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum and cytosol, where it exerts its toxic effect. We have recently shown that Stx activates the tyrosine kinase Syk, which in turn induces clathrin phosphorylation and up-regulates Stx uptake. Here, we show that toxin-induced signaling can also regulate another step in intr...

The Na(+)/H(+) exchanger-3 (NHE3) belongs to the mammalian NHE protein family and catalyzes the electro-neutral exchange of extracellular sodium for intracellular proton across cellular membranes. Its transport function is of essential importance for the maintenance of the body's salt and water homeostasis as well as acid-base balance. Indeed, NHE3 activity is finely regulated by a variety of s...

Abstract The disordered chain arrangement of polymer dielectrics has complex both internal and external effects on system performance, which generally stimulates the weak acquisition grain boundaries vapor‐deposited organic small molecule films (VDOSMFs) with thermally activated charge transport. As a result, achieving “band‐like” transmission VDOSMs is attempting to prove be major challenge. T...

We studied the digestive and respiratory tract motor responses in 10 chronically instrumented dogs during eructation activated after feeding. Muscles were recorded from the cervical area, thorax, and abdomen. The striated muscles were recorded using EMG and the smooth muscles using strain gauges. We found eructation in three distinct functional phases that were composed of different sets of mot...

introduction: carbamazepine is commonly used in a variety of indications. poisoning by this drug, can lead to coma, seizures, cardiac disorders and respiratory distress. the treatment of poisoning is generally supportive. method: 68 poisoned patients with carbamazepine, who referred to poisoning ward of loghman hospital, from july 2003 to september 2004, were studied. these patients were invest...

In the present study, we found that amyloid-b peptide enhanced glutamate release from primary cultured rat microglia via the Na-dependent glutamate transporter, which was activated by extracellular K. Glutamate transport current was measured by a conventional whole-cell patch recording mode under voltage-clamp conditions. With the pipette solution containing 10 mM glutamate and 100 mM Na, an in...

rbB1 receptors situated on cellular filopodia undergo systematic retrograde transport after binding of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) and activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase. Specific inhibitors of the erbB1 receptor tyrosine kinase as well as cytochalasin D, a disruptor of the actin cytoskeleton, abolish transport but not free diffusion of the receptor–ligand complex. Diffusion const...