pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (pk/pd) relationships describe the quantitative relationships between the drug-induced effects and the concurrent corresponding drug concentrations in an individual. since a long time, rough qualitative relationships have been described between neurological presentation and plasma ethanol concentration in acute ethanol ingestion. however, to date, precise quantit...

Tessman, Patrick A., and Andrea Romani. Acute effect of EtOH on Mg21 homeostasis in liver cells: evidence for the activation of an Na1/Mg21 exchanger. Am. J. Physiol. 275 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 38): G1106–G1116, 1998.—The acute administration of ethanol mobilizes a considerable amount of Mg21 from perfused rat livers and isolated hepatocytes in a dose-dependent fashion in the absence of ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of ethanol on mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue at the level of Peyer's patches and the intestinal lamina propria in female rats and to determine whether this action of ethanol is modulated during the estrous cycle. Adult female rats showing proestrus or diestrus day 1 were treated intraperitoneally (ip) with ethanol (4 g/kg). Untrea...

OBJECTIVE At low-to-moderate concentrations, ethanol elimination follows zero-order kinetics. It is unknown whether renal, pulmonary or other first-order processes become significant in patients with very high serum ethanol concentrations. Additionally, it is unclear whether ethanol naive subjects induce their metabolism during acute intoxication. We present the toxicokinetic analysis in a chil...

Ethanol inhibition of large-conductance, Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK(Ca)) channels in aortic myocytes may contribute to the direct contraction of aortic smooth muscle produced by acute alcohol exposure. In this tissue, BK(Ca) channels consist of pore-forming (bslo) and modulatory (beta) subunits. Here, modulation of aortic myocyte BK(Ca) channels by acute alcohol was explored by expressing bslo s...

Disordering of brain and erythrocyte membranes by ethanol in vitro was measured by ESR using 5-doxylstearic acid as spin label. Synaptosomal plasma membranes and erythrocyte membranes were isolated from two lines of mice developed, by selective breeding, for differential sensitivity to hypnotic effects of ethanol. Membranes taken from alcohol-sensitive "long-sleep" mice were more strongly disor...

Interactions between ethanol and synaptic transmission mediated by gamma -amino-N-butyric acid (GABA) have been suggested to contribute to alcohol intoxication. Ethanol effects on postsynaptic GABAA receptors have been the major focus of this line of research. There is increasing evidence that ethanol potentiation of GABAergic transmission involves increased GABA release from presynaptic termin...

The effect of acute ethanol administration on the flash visual-evoked potential (VEP) was investigated in numerous studies. However, it is still unclear which brain structures are responsible for the differences observed in stimulus onset (ON) and offset (OFF) responses and how these responses are modulated by ethanol. The aim of our study was to investigate the pattern of ON and OFF responses ...

The epigenetic histone modification by ethanol is emerging as one of the mechanisms for its deleterious effects in the liver. In this context, we have investigated the role of histone H3 phosphorylation at Ser10 (P-H3-Ser10), and Ser28 (P-H3-Ser28) in liver after acute ethanol treatment in vivo. Ethanol was administered intraperitoneally in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Ethanol dose-response (1-5 g...