We have previously shown that ADP-induced thromboxane generation in platelets requires signalling events from the G(q)-coupled P2Y1 receptor (platelet ADP receptor coupled to stimulation of phospholipase C) and the G(i)-coupled P2Y12 receptor (platelet ADP receptor coupled to inhibition of adenylate cyclase) in addition to outside-in signalling. While it is also known that extracellular calcium...

Pharmacological properties of the human P2Y1 receptor transfected in Jurkat cells and of the endogenous receptor in rat brain capillary endothelial cells were analyzed under conditions in which the purity of adenine triphosphate nucleotides was controlled by creatine phosphate/creatine phosphokinase (CP/CPK). ATP, a partial agonist of the receptor, was inactive in the presence of CP/CPK. Result...

The analysis of ADP-ribosylated proteins is a challenging task, on the one hand because of the diversity of the target proteins and the modification sites, on the other hand because of the particular problems posed by the analysis of ADP-ribosylated peptides. ADP-ribosylated proteins can be detected in in vitro experiments after the incorporation of radioactively labeled or chemically modified ...

Adenovirus Death Protein (ADP) expression during late stages of a lytic infection releases mature virions to promote viral spread, thus leading to death of the host cell. We sought to investigate ADP expression patterns in persistently infected human lymphocytes cells. We hypothesized that low expression of ADP allows the virus to persist while high expression would promote lytic infection in l...

Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase, extensively purified to homogeneity from nuclei of human placenta, is composed of a single polypeptide with a molecular mass of 71,000 daltons on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel. Judging from its physico-chemical and catalytic properties, the enzyme is similar to the nuclear glycohydrolase (glycohydrolase I), but not to the cytoplasmic glycohydrolase (...

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is known to have interesting effects on flagellar motility. Permeabilized and reactivated bull sperm exhibit a marked reduction in beating frequency and a greatly increased beat amplitude in the presence of 1-4 mM ADP. In this study we examined the force production of sperm reactivated with 0.1 mM ATP with and without 1 mM ADP and found that there is little or no res...

Posttranslational modifications are used by cells from all kingdoms of life to control enzymatic activity and to regulate protein function. For many cellular processes, including DNA repair, spindle function, and apoptosis, reversible mono- and polyADP-ribosylation constitutes a very important regulatory mechanism. Moreover, many pathogenic bacteria secrete toxins which ADP-ribosylate human pro...

Neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus (DG) is considered to be partly involved in the action of mood stabilizers. However, it remains unclear how mood stabilizers affect neural precursor cells in adult DG. We have established a culture system of adult rat DG-derived neural precursor cells (ADP) and have shown that lithium, a mood stabilizer, and dexamethasone, an agonist of glucocorticoid rec...

In cereals, ADP-glucose transporter protein plays an important role in starch biosynthesis. It acts as a main gate for the transport of ADP-glucose, the main precursor for starch biosynthesis during grain filling, from the cytosol into the amyloplasts of endospermic cells. In this study, we have shed some light on the molecular and biochemical characteristics of barley plastidial ADP-glucose tr...

j An adaptive grid, finite-volume method has been used to solve the NavierStokes equations for complete (forebody and afterbody) flowfields around blunt belies. The code, which is applicable for axisymmetric cr two-dimensional flows, allows the mesh to adjust during the computation to provide a closer spacing of mesh points in regions of high gradients, thus minimizing the number of required co...