Adrenal Function in Patients Receiving Rifampin-Based Anti-Tuberculosis Regimens: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran

The plasma and adrenal renin-angiotensin system in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were examined in animals at 5, 11, 18, and 25 weeks of age. Plasma active renin was significantly increased in 18- and 25-week-old SHRSP with impaired renal function, whereas there was no difference in the plasma prorenin level or renal renin content between the tw...

Cytochrome P450scc, the mitochondrial cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme, is the only enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and, thus, is required for the biosynthesis of all steroid hormones. Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia is a severe disorder of steroidogenesis in which cholesterol accumulates within steroidogenic cells and the synthesis of all adrenal...

Circadian rhythms in glucocorticoids are the product of interactions between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the mammalian clock gene system. The adrenal clock can generate the glucocorticoid rhythm that in turn synchronizes other peripheral clocks to maintain homeostasis. Stress acutely activates and chronically upregulates the HPA axis, suggesting that the adrenal clock coul...

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) are regulatory neuropeptides of the hypothalamus-hypophyseal-adrenal axis, acting via the common receptors VPAC(1) and VPAC(2) and the selective PACAP receptor PAC(1). In the adrenal glands of the Italian wall lizard, Podarcis sicula, the presence of VIP in chromaffin cells, and the VIP-stimul...

Lymphoma presenting with enlarged adrenal glands is not common. According to the literature, most adrenal lymphomas do not have extra-adrenal sites. We examined a 47-year-old male patient because of abdominal pain-an unusual presentation of adrenal lymphoma. Following ultrasonographic examination that showed bilateral massively enlarged adrenal glands, the patient underwent F-18 FDG PETCT. Writ...

Primary Adrenal Lymphoma (PAL) is extremely rare and usually occurs in men the 6th-7th decade as bilateral, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Here, an 80-year-old patient admitted to urology outpatient clinic with flank pain bilateral adrenal mass detected on ultrasound presented. Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) was planned for who referred endocrine clinic. The P...

Introduction: Glucocorticoids are considered the cornerstone of the induction phase in all treatment protocols of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Among the adverse effects of high-dose glucocorticoid treatment, adrenal insufficiency is secondary to suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This drawback of exogenous steroid therapy gains a contemporary particular relevan...

Adrenal hemangiomas are rare benign tumors arising from the endothelial cells lining blood vessels, which made up of angioblastic cells. They usually identified incidentally on radiographic imaging and post-operative histopathology is definitive diagnosis. Computed tomography magnetic resonance help in detection silent adrenal lesions. We present a case outline diagnostic work-up treatment dete...