Aspergillus niger forms aerial hyphae and conidiophores after a period of vegetative growth. The hyphae within the mycelium of A. niger are divided by septa. The central pore in these septa allows for cytoplasmic streaming. Here, we studied inter- and intra-compartmental streaming of the reporter protein GFP in A. niger. Expression of the gene encoding nuclear targeted GFP from the gpdA or glaA...

Aerial levels of bacterial-colony-forming particles (BCFP) in lung-depositable size ranges were determined using an eight-stage Andersen viable sampler with t ryptose agar. Aerial levels of BCFP~< 4.7/am and ~<3.3/am in aerodynamic diameter were significantly and positively correlated with total-aerial-BCFP level in swinehouse air. On average, 31% of aerial BCFP were ~<4.7 /am and 15% were ~<3....

The composition of the aliphatics of the protective cuticular polymers from different anatomical regions from several plant species was determined by combined gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry of the depolymerization products derived from the polymers. The polymer from the aerial parts of Vicia faba showed similar composition; dihydroxypalmitic acid was the major (>85%) component ...

Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid required not only for protein synthesis but also for the production of many plant metabolites, including the hormone auxin. Mutations that disrupt Trp biosynthesis result in various developmental defects in plant organs, but how Trp affects organ growth and development remains unclear. Here, we identify an Arabidopsis mutant, small organ1 (smo1/trp2-3...

Tissue mechanics have been shown to play a key role in the regulation of morphogenesis in animals [1-4] and may have an equally important role in plants [5-9]. The aerial organs of plants are formed at the shoot apical meristem following a specific phyllotactic pattern [10]. The initiation of an organ from the meristem requires a highly localized irreversible surface deformation, which depends ...

The expression of a glucose-regulated gene (grp78) changes significantly during the vegetative life cycle of Neurospora crassa: the amounts of grp78 mRNA are low in dormant conidia, increase during germination and exponential growth, decline in young aerial hyphae and reach a maximum in late (15-18 h) aerial hyphae. Heat shock (30 min at 45 degrees C) elevated the mRNA level of this gene especi...

Aerial photogrammetry is one of the main methods obtaining geospatial information. After entering the 21st century, aerial photogrammetry technology has fully entered the digital age, and the quality of digital aerial photography results will directly affect the quality and accuracy of results of surveying and mapping .Therefore, it is necessary to inspect the quality of digital aerial photogra...

In times of disaster acquiring aerial images is challenging. Runways may be crippled thus denying conventional aircraft in the area from taking off. Also the time required to schedule a satellite fly-by may delay first response efforts. Man backpackable aerial robots can be carried close to the disaster site and flown to capture aerial images. This paper integrates mechatronics, intelligent sen...

objective(s):  the field of nanotechnology is rapidly expanding .the development quantum dots quantum dot (qds), show great promise for treatment and diagnosis of cancer and targeted drug delivery little data on the toxicity of qds, especially for in vivo applications, are available. as a result, concerns exist over their toxicity for in vivo applications. then, cytotoxic effects of cadmium sel...

The aim of this work was to investigate the diversity of endogenous microbes from wheat (Triticum aestivum) and to study the structure of its microbial communities, with the ultimate goal to provide candidate strains for future evaluation as potential biological control agents against wheat diseases. We sampled plants from two wheat cultivars, Apache and Caphorn, showing different levels of sus...