This paper examines how the advice that lawyers provide to their clients affects the disclosure of evidence and the outcome of adjudication, and how the adjudicator should allocate the burden of proof in light of these effects. Despite lawyers’ expertise in assessing the evidence, their advice is found to have no effect on adjudication, if the lawyers follow disclosure strategies that are undom...

in certain environments such as iran highlands, major innovations in lifestyle, as the emergence of agriculture and domestication of animals, are thought to have led to population expansions. historical studies showed that at some point in history (from the third to the first millennium bc) dramatic changes have been taken place on the iranian plateau. to trace the genetic affinity between the ...

Abstract This paper examines the affinity ties of biological and familial whiteness in ART as evident 2014 Illinois Northern District Court case Cramblett v. Midwest Sperm Bank —where a white mother filed wrongful birth suit sought legal compensation for loss perceived genetic similarity giving to ‘black’ child via donor insemination. Applying critical race studies engaging its surrounding medi...

In this work, experimental kinetics data of methane hydrate decomposition at temperatures ranging from 272.15 to 276.15 K and at pressures ranging from 10 to 30 bars were modeled by using chemical affinity. This model proposed a macroscopic model which is independent of any intermediate mechanism like heat or mass transfer. The results show there is good agreement with experimental data. Al...

LW 1200. How Lawyers Think: An Introduction to American Legal Thought. 4 Hours. Introduces students to legal analysis by exploring the history of American legal thought. Perhaps more than any other, American society is governed by lawyers. Explores how innovations in legal theory both emerged from and helped shape policy responses to some of America’s biggest governance challenges, including ec...

In this paper three models of parallel speedup are studied. They are fixed-size speedup, fixed-time speedup and memory-bounded speedup. The latter two consider the relationship between speedup and problem scalability. Two sets of speedup formulations are derived for these three models. One set considers uneven workload allocation and communication overhead, and gives more accurate estimation. A...

This paper studies concentration (i.e. inequality) aspects of the functions of Zipf and of Lotka. Since both functions are power laws (i.e. they are – mathematically the same) it suffices to develop one concentration theory for power laws and apply it twice for the different interpretations of the laws of Zipf and Lotka. After a brief repetition of the functional relationships between Zipf’s la...

Police trainees who were ready to graduate from the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) volunteered to participate in an exercise designed to evaluate their survivability. In a highly stressful interactive scenario, which included a hostage situation during a staged domestic dispute, performance was evaluated for a range of responses, including: weapon malfunction, shooting judgment...

Zipf (1949) already noted that the linear relationship that he observed between log frequency and log rank is strongest in the middle range: both very high and very low frequency items tend to deviate from the log-log regression line. In this paper the causes for such deviations are investigated and a more detailed statistical model is offered. The subgeometric mean property of frequency counts...