The present study used an experimental design to investigate the role of modelling as a protective factor in fear and avoidance learning in a sample of 77 toddlers. Mothers and their 12-20-month-old children were randomly assigned to one of three pre-exposure conditions: (1) a modelling group (n=27) observed their mothers responding positively to a fear-relevant stimulus; (2) a stimulus-only gr...

Despite the prevalence of the phenomena of peer victimization and bystander behaviors, little data has generated to describe their relationships and risk factors. In this paper, a self-administered survey using a cross-sectional cluster-random sampling method in a sample of 5450 participants (2734 girls and 2716 boys) between 4th and 11th grades was conducted at six schools (two primary schools...

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is a major disease worldwide and most research focus on risk factors for adults, although there is a marked adolescent peak in incidence. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for tuberculosis in children aged 7 to 19. METHODS A case control study matched by age with 169 cases and 477 controls. The study population consisted of adolescents and older ...

This qualitative study examines the resources that Vietnamese refugee parents use in raising their adolescent youth in exile and how they, and their adolescents, regard their experiences of different parenting styles. The study is based on 55 semi-structured interviews and several focus groups performed with a small sample of Vietnamese refugee parents and their adolescent children. Three main ...

AIM The aim of this study was to study the impact of asthma on daily life, school absenteeism and physical education. In addition, to describe asthma triggers at school. DESIGN Two cross-sectional population-based studies ten years apart. METHOD Within the OLIN-studies, in 2003 (n = 3,327) and in 2013 (n = 2,345) adolescents (14-15 years) answered an expanded ISAAC questionnaire. Of these, ...

BACKGROUND Recently, female sports participation has increased, and there is a tendency for women to experience more symptoms and variable presentation after sport-related concussion (SRC). The purpose of this study was to determine whether sex differences exist in time to begin a return-to-play (RTP) progression after an initial SRC. HYPOTHESIS After initial SRC, female athletes (11-20 years...

BACKGROUND Preterm birth is a risk factor for decreased exercise capacity and impaired cognitive functions in later life. The objective of this study was to disentangle the associations between preterm birth, physical fitness and cognitive performance in young adulthood. METHODS This population-based cohort study included 218,802 young men born in Sweden 1973-1983. Data on birth characteristi...

BACKGROUND Parental relationship dissolutions have repeatedly been linked to negative outcomes for children, but predictors of parental dissolutions have been far less studied. Knowledge about parental dissolutions occurring after the early years of parenthood is especially sparse. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether a broad set of predictors from families of toddlers were a...

INTRODUCTION One reason of increased psychological and somatic health problems in adolescence is intensification of stress in school and everyday life. There is little evidence to what extent the level of school achievements shapes this relationship. AIM The aim of the study was to investigate determinants of subjective health complaints in schoolaged children, taking into account the interac...

UNLABELLED The aim of this randomized crossover study was to evaluate the impact of environmental and behavioral interventions (EBI) on behavioral, physiologic, and biologic stress response during a weighing procedure in neonates. Three groups of 15 neonates included (A) gestational age (GA), < or =32 weeks; (B) GA, 32 weeks, 1 day to 36 weeks, 6 days; and (C) GA, > or =37 weeks. Each neonate e...