After the discovery of aerial embryonic incubation in mudskippers, it was found that male induces larval hatching by removing air from egg-chamber so eggs immerse water. Do adults provide additional support to newly hatched larvae help them leave life-endangering hypoxic water inside burrow? This paper compares 18 events 3 species: dusky gilled mudskipper, Pearse´s mudskipper and slender mudski...

Mechanical ventilation systems for controlling conditions in individual zones can move a constant or variable supply of conditioned air to handle all or some of the heating and cooling loads. They are classified as all-air, air-water, and all-water systems. All-air systems include single-duct, dual-duct and multizone. The systems can be designed to operate at Constant Air Volume (CAV) or Variab...

The air exposure behavior of the semi-terrestrial crab Neohelice granulata during severe hypoxia was studied. This study also verified whether this behavior mitigates possible oxidative damage, namely lipoperoxidation, caused by hypoxia and reoxygenation cycles. The lethal time for 50% of the crabs subjected to severe hypoxia (0.5 mgO2 · L(-1)) with free access to air was compared to that of cr...

Monitoring air pollution including the contents of VOC, O(3), NO(2), and dusts has attracted a lot of interest in addition to the monitoring of water contamination because it affects directly to the quality of living conditions. Most of the current air pollution monitoring stations use the expensive and bulky instruments and are only installed in the very limited area. To bring the information ...

parameters that have to be measured in gel dosimetry. however, the resolution in gel is strongly dependant on gel composition. selection of optimum method in dose response readout and proper values of parameters can result in noise reduction as well as improvement of contrast, and spatial resolution considerably. materials and methods: magica polymer gel dosimeters were manufactured and irradia...

The lack of sidewalls in a spillway leads to lateral expansion the flow and, consequently, non-uniform transversal rate distribution along chute. present work shows velocity field measured physical model 1 V:0.8 H steeply sloping stepped without sidewalls. An application Bubble Image Velocimetry (BIV) technique self-aerated region is shown, using air bubbles entrained into downstream inception ...

In partially flooded deep water rice (Oryza sativa L. cv Habiganj Aman II), continuous air layers trapped between the hydrophobic, corrugated surface of the leaf blades and the surrounding water constitute the major path of aeration. The conduction of gases through the internal air spaces of the leaf is negligible compared to the conduction of gases through the external air layers. The total vo...

tehran is one of the most polluted metropolises in the world. sink capacity for absorption and assimilation of pollution is reduced generally due to failure in inclusion of ecological aspects in regional land use development planning. the present condition of air and water related issues in tehran are greatly affected by landscape structural alterations at urban level. in this research the focu...

changes in moisture content and temperature can perturb both stiffness and strength and as such the impact resistance of composite structures. in this paper, the pre-notched basalt fibre reinforced epoxy (bfre) composite specimens are studied under charpy impact loads in order to investigate the changes in impact energy absorption (fracture toughness) with different kinds of aging conditions. t...