Abstract: One objective of this paper is to illuminate fuel economy and emission improvement mechanisms of variable cam timing systems and analyze their effects on engine control system design. By retarding or advancing the cam phase one can vary the engine volumetric efficiency, as well as the amount of exhaust gas that dilutes the air charge. Combining these effects with intake manifold and e...

1. Experimental emphysema can be produced in dogs by impeding expiration by means of a properly constructed ball valve introduced into the trachea. 2. This method affords a practical means of study of various physiological, pathological, and clinical aspects of emphysema. 3. The experiments demonstrate that any lesion or factor capable of interfering sufficiently with proper air expulsion yet p...

0016-2361/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2012.01.042 ⇑ Tel.: +90 262 3032285; fax: +90 262 3032203. E-mail address: [email protected] Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion mode has some benefits compared to the most popular conventional combustion forms used in the internal combustion (IC) engines: spark ignition (SI) and compression igni...

Because of legislative regulations like OBDII, on-board diagnosis has gained much interest lately. A model based approach is suggested for the diagnosis of the air intake system of an SI-engine. Important research issues are modeling concepts, residual generation and evaluation, overall performance, and limiting factors. The diagnosis system is based on a non-linear semi-physical model and uses...

Two summer outbreaks of humidifier fever (HF) are described in a microprocessor factory (factory A) and a printing factory (factory B). The air in each factory was humidified intermittently and controlled by present humidistats operating to maintain a relative humidity of 45% by an air handler incorporating a spray humidifier in factory A and two ceiling mounted spray humidifiers in factory B. ...

Forced-air-warming (FAW) is an effective and widely used means for maintaining surgical normothermia, but FAW also has the potential to generate and mobilize airborne contamination in the operating room.We measured the emission of viable and non-viable forms of airborne contamination from an arbitrary selection of FAW blowers (n=25) in the operating room. A laser particle counter measured parti...

Data obtained from Nary calibration tests of an 18-cylinder, two-row, radial engine of 8350-cubic-inch displacement and a 14-cylinder, two-row, radial engine of 2600-cubic-inch displacement {carburetor types) were analyzed to show the correlation between the air consumption of these engines and the parameters that evaluate the air consumption from intake-manifold temperature and pressure, exhau...

Local airway water loss is the main physiological trigger for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Our aim was to investigate the effects of whole body water loss on airway responsiveness and pulmonary function in athletes with mild asthma and/or EIB. Ten recreational athletes with a medical diagnosis of mild asthma and/or EIB completed a randomized, crossover study. Pulmonary function t...