atomization is a process by which a volume of liquid is converted spray. this process includes the breakup of the liquid jet or the liquid sheet exiting the injector. this paper has experimentally investigated the models and mechanisms for the breakup of the liquid jet and the liquid sheet formed by the jets impingement in a still environment and in an environment with counter flow, coflow, and...

The article presents the theoretical background, in particular, developed mathematical models describing technological processes of air-jet formation and influence wind wheel on changes axial velocities air jet, as well range jet by a fan installation with pneumatic disk sprayer. Theoretical studies show that smooth variation velocity flow installations prevent transfer isothermal circular cros...

We determined whether the sympathetic excitatory responses to environmental stressors and the sympathoinhibitory responses to rilmenidine are altered by renovascular hypertension. Rabbits were made hypertensive with a clip on the right renal artery, and a left renal nerve recording electrode was implanted. After 3 or 6 weeks, the animals were given air-jet stress and loud noise stress before an...

In the conscious rabbit, exposure to an air jet stressor increases arterial pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output. During hemorrhage, air jet exposure extends the blood loss necessary to produce hypotension. It is possible that this enhanced defense of arterial pressure is a general characteristic of stressors. However, some stressors such as oscillation (OSC), although they increase arteria...

Chevron mixing devices are used to reduce noise from commercial separate-flow turbofan engines. Mechanical chevron serrations at the nozzle trailing edge generate axial vorticity that enhances jet plume mixing and consequently reduces far-field noise. “Fluidic chevrons” generated with air injected near the nozzle trailing edge create a vorticity field similar to that of the mechanical chevrons ...

Sudden pipe expansions have been known as efficient hydraulic energy dissipaters for a long time. The complex phenomenon of flow separation and velocity discontinuity at the interface of incoming jet and the recirculation flow, results in intensive shear and tensile rupture of the fluid and the associated destructive phenomenon of cavitation. This paper focuses on aeration in sudden pipe expans...

Anexperimental investigation of the deformation andbreakupproperties of turbulent round liquid jets in uniform gaseous crossflows is described. Pulsed shadowgraphandholographobservationswere obtained for turbulent round liquid jets injected normal to air crossflow in a shock tube. Crossflow velocities of the air behind the shock wave relative to the liquid jet were subsonic (36–90 m=s) and the ...

Experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that endothelin (ET) and/or reactive oxygen species contribute to the pressor response induced by acute air jet stress in normotensive Dahl salt-sensitive rats maintained on a normal salt diet (prehypertensive). Mean arterial pressure was chronically monitored by telemetry before and after 3-day treatment with the free radical scavenger 4-hydroxy...