The control chart based on geometric distribution (geometric chart) has been shown to be competitive to por npcharts for monitoring proportion nonconforming, especially for applications in high quality manufacturing environment. However, implementing a geometric chart often assumes the process parameter to be known or accurately estimated. For a high quality process, an accurate parameter estim...

Primates give alarm calls in response to the presence of predators. In some species, such as the Thomas langur (Presbytis thomasi), males only emit alarm calls if there is an audience. An unanswered question is whether the audience's behaviour influences how long the male will continue his alarm calling. We tested three hypotheses that might explain the alarm calling duration of male Thomas lan...