Plants naturally cycle amino acids across root cell plasma membranes, and any net efflux is termed exudation. The dominant ecological view is that microorganisms and roots passively compete for amino acids in the soil solution, yet the innate capacity of roots to recover amino acids present in ecologically relevant concentrations is unknown. We find that, in the absence of culturable microorgan...

The genetic structure of populations of the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium Rhizobium meliloti was examined by analysis of electrophoretically demonstrable allelic variation in 14 metabolic, presumably chromosomal, enzyme genes. A total of 232 strains were examined, most of which were isolated from southwest Asia, where there is an unsurpassed number of indigenous host species for R. m...

Medicago sativa (alfalfa) is a widely used animal feed. However, its quality has been difficult to control due the lack of appropriate marker compounds. Therefore, it very necessary select an (Q-marker) quality. In this study, medium-pressure liquid chromatography and high-pressure were employed effectively prepare separation Q-marker (L-tryptophan) from sativa. Firstly, using MCI GEL® CHP20P a...

Glyphosate-tolerant alfalfa (GTA) was developed to withstand over-the-top applications of glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup agricultural herbicides. As a part of the safety assessment, GTA (designated J101 x J163) was grown under controlled field conditions at geographically diverse locations within the United States during the 2001 and 2003 field seasons along with control and other...

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a perennial leguminous plant, with strong tap root system that plays an important role in alfalfa’s adaptation to drought stress. However, better understanding of functional traits and how these are related whole plant responses order improve pasture productivity under water deficit. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted: Experiment 1 used three alfalfa culti...

an agrobacterium-mediated transient gene expression assay was carried out in alfalfa (medicago sativa) leaves for expression of a chimeric gene encoding a part of capsid protein of foot and mouth disease virus called vp1. the plant leaves were transformed via agroinfiltration procedure. the presence of the foreign gene and its expression in transformed plants were evaluated by polymerase chain ...