A fast separation of alkali and alkaline earth metal cations and ammonium was carried out by capillary electrochromatography on monolithic octadecylsilica columns of 15 cm length and 100 microm inner diameter using water/methanol mixtures containing acetic acid as mobile phase. On-column contactless conductivity detection was used for quantification of these non-UV-absorbing species. The method...

The relative permeability of endplate channels to monovalent and divalent metal ions was determined from reversal potentials. Thallium is the most permeant ion with a permeability ratio relative to Na+ of 2.5. The selectivity among alkali metals is weak with a sequence, Cs+ greater than Rb+ greater than K+ greater than Na+ greater than Li+, and permeability ratios of 1.4, 1.3, 1.1, 1.0, and 0.9...

Background Cl channels in neurons and skeletal muscle are significantly permeable for alkali cations when tested with asymmetrical concentrations of the same salt. Both anion and cation permeation were proposed to require binding of an alkali cation with the pore (Franciolini, F., and W. Nonner. 1987. Journal of General Physiology. 90:453-478). We tested this hypothesis by bilaterally substitut...

Atmospheric pressure Solids Analysis Probe (ASAP) mass spectrometry has facilitated the ionisation of oligomers from low molecular weight synthetic polymers, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG: M(n) = 1430) and poly(styrene) (PS: M(n) = 1770), directly from solids, providing a fast and efficient method of identification. Ion source conditions were evaluated and it was found that the key instrument para...

As a powerful protocol for the preparation of common polymers, such as polyolefins, polyesters, and polycarbonates, late-transition-metal-catalyzed polymerization can be carried out by controlling reaction conditions or developing dynamic catalytic systems that use external stimuli to influence performance active sites, resulting in well-defined polymeric materials. In particularly, under latte...