12 Anthropogenic hyper-alkaline sites provide an environment that is analogous to 13 proposed cementitious geological disposal facilities (GDF) for radioactive waste. Under 14 anoxic, alkaline conditions cellulosic wastes will hydrolyse to a range of cellulose 15 degradation products (CDP) dominated by isosaccharinic acids (ISA). In order to investigate 16 the potential for microbial activity i...

Development of new technologies for the efficient use of proteins of animal origin, apart from heat treatment in rendering facilities that was used to date, has become the primary goal of the integral waste management system. The emergence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Europe and in the World in the 1990s opened up new questions regarding medical safety and use of meat bone meal in the...

Biodegradable waste is by definition degraded by other living organisms. Every day, meat industry produces large amounts of a specific type of biodegradable waste called slaughterhouse waste. Traditionally in Europe, this waste is recycled in rendering plants which produce meat and bone meal and fat. However, feeding animals with meat and bone meal has been banned since the outbreaks of bovine ...

Bacterial alkaline phosphatase is an active catalyst for the hydrolysis of N-phosphorylated pyridines, with values of the second-order rate constant kmt/Km in the range 0.4-1.2 X lo6 M-1 s-l a t pH 8.0, 25 OC. There is little or no dependence of the rate on the pKa of the leaving group; the value of @le is 0 f 0.05, which may be compared with @le = -1 .O for the nonenzymic reaction. Phosphoryla...

MIESCHER [1870] observed that after prolonged peptic digestion of egg-yolk an insoluble substance separated out. This substance was foundby Bunge [1885] to contain iron in organic combination and was named by him " haematogen" because of its close resemblance to haemoglobin, at least so far as empirical composition was concerned. The chemical nature of this substance was investigated in more de...

Additional enzymes pretreatment technology can promote the hydrolysis of excess activated sludge, while increasing gas production. Single enzyme pretreatment of sludge, alkaline protease has a better effect of hydrolysis. The optimum working conditions for alkaline protease: pH value of 8.0, the solid-liquid ratio of 1:4, the enzyme concentration of 2%, the working temperature of 55°C, reaction...

Qualitative and quantitative high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was performed to characterize the presence of phenolic compounds in Andean purple corn. Phenolic compounds were analyzed by separating them in two main fractions: a water fraction (WF) and an ethyl acetate fraction (EAF). The WF rich in anthocyanins revealed the presence of cyanidin-3-gluco...

With dimethyl sulphoxide instead of butanol in the thiobarbituric acid assay for sialic acid, a non-fading chromophore with lambdamax. = 549 nm was produced in a homogeneous solution, allowing dilution of the test mixture in case of high colour yield. This test adapted well to studies on alkaline de-O-acetylation. Bovine and rat submaxillary mucins, and rabbit Tamm-Horsfall urinary sialoprotein...

a-Amino acids have been shown to exert a substantial inhibitory effect on the hydrolysis of sodium /3-glycerophosphate by tissue alkaline phosphatases at optimal pH (1). The inhibition by r,-histidine was particularly marked; inhibition constants (Ki) of approximately 6 X 10-S M and 3 X lOma M were obtained for rat intestinal and rat bone phosphatases, respectively (1). The primary concern of t...

A critical assessment of three previously published indirect methods based on acidic hydrolysis using superacids for the determination of "free" and "total" deoxynivalenol (DON) was carried out. The modified mycotoxins DON-3-glucoside (D3G), 3-acetyl-DON (3ADON), and 15-acetyl-DON (15ADON) were chosen as model analytes. The initial experiments focused on the stability/degradation of DON under h...