The debate on literal meaning in theories of natural language processing has focused on two main issues: (1) Are there conditions by which the literal meaning of a sentence can be appropriately identified?; and (2) Is there some evaluation of literal meaning during the interpretation of natural language utterances? My article, “Literal meaning and psychological theory,” (Gibbs, 1984) attempted ...

In biological neurons, the timing of a spike depends on the timing of synaptic currents, in a way that is classically described by the Phase Response Curve. This has implications for temporal coding: an action potential that arrives on a synapse has an implicit meaning, that depends on the position of the postsynaptic neuron on the firing cycle. Here we show that this implicit code can be used ...

Most open government data is encoded and published in structured tables found in reports, on the Web, and in spreadsheets or databases. Current approaches to generating Semantic Web representations from such data requires human input to create schemas and often results in graphs that do not follow best practices for linked data. Evidence for a table’s meaning can be found in its column headers,...

This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques were carried out documentation and data sources in this study dialogue transcripts the films Embrace Again Door Lock. In examining research, theories used are style of language theory analysis. results study, there 3 types figurative styles found film Again, namely simile styles, 7 metaphor 9 allusion...

The processing of semantic information requires the adequate knowledge representation and ability to interpret semantically related knowledge. The majority of present day approaches to knowledge representation and processing are based on symbolic approach, i.e. on describing the meaning of represented domain knowledge and procedural knowledge used to process this domain knowledge. Hierarchical ...

Recent research suggests that the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) plays a role in selecting semantic information from among competing alternatives. A key question remains as to whether the LIFG is engaged by the selection of semantic information only or by increased semantic competition in and of itself, especially when such competition is implicit in nature. Ambiguous words presented in a l...

In the framework of discourse analysis the relationship between explicit and implicit meaning is discussed. The discussion is based on verbal discriminations in private and public discourses. Implicit meanings of sentences cannot be inferred directly from their content or from the meanings of individual words within an utterance. Rather, they can be understood from the context in which the utte...

Unawareness of motor and visual-field defects was investigated in 97 right brain-damaged subjects. Both kinds of anosognosia were found to be double-dissociated from more elementary neurological disorders and from personal and extra-personal neglect. The relationships between anosognosia and unilateral neglect are discussed and allusion is made to the implications concerning the neurological or...

This chapter reviews context effects on substance use and substance-use associations. We interpret these ubiquitous effects as a natural consequence of memory retrieval processes that influence the accessibility of substance-use associations. Further, accessibility of memories about substance-use outcomes and behaviors potentially mediates substance-use behaviors by determining what behavioral ...