AlN thin film was prepared over different metal substrates using DC sputtering at various sputtering parameters. The XRD spectra revealed the presence of mixed (cubic and hexagonal) phases for all samples other than samples prepared at 300W with Ar:N2 gas ratio of 14:6. The intensities of cubic phases observed at copper (Cu) substrates increased drastically with high sputtering power and N2 gas...

Learning in an ALN mode is modeled by a set of educational processes. The group is modeled by an abstract entity that provides services to the learners via its group educational processes. The learners reciprocate by their corresponding educational processes. Following findings of the Social Interdependence Theory of Cooperative Learning, we conjecture that the ALN is Cooperative Learning enhan...

PURPOSE The purposes our study was to find out any histologic factors associated with negative conversion of axillary lymph node (ALN) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). We also evaluated the association between the decrease in size of primary breast tumor and negative conversion of ALN. METHODS From January 2012 to November 2014, we included 133 breast cancer patients who underwent NAC an...

CONTEXT Information on the use of oral bisphosphonate agents to treat pediatric osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is limited. OBJECTIVE The objective of the investigation was to study the efficacy and safety of daily oral alendronate (ALN) in children with OI. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. One hundred thirty-nine children ...

This analysis of research literature seeks to gain insight into the study of the effectiveness of Asynchronous Learning Networks (ALN). A database of material gathered from the papers reporting the studies is described. The current picture of that data is highlighted and discussed. A framework of three sets of factors related to ALN effectiveness is described. Within this framework an analysis ...

The synthesis of AlN and TiB2 by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and the effect of Nb2O5, Y2O3 and ZrO2 additions on the mechanical properties and densification of the produced composites is reported and discussed. After the SPS process, dense AlN and TiB2 composites with Nb2O5, Y2O3 and ZrO2 were successfully prepared. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that in the AlN composites, the addition of ...

The influences of annealing temperature in N2 atmosphere on interfacial chemical properties and band alignment of AlN/Si structure deposited by atomic layer deposition have been investigated based on x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry. It is found that more oxygen incorporated into AlN film with the increasing annealing temperature, resulting from a little residual ...

(111)-oriented cubic polytypes of silicon carbide (3C-SiC) films were grown by chemical vapor deposition on 2H-AlN(0001)/Si(111) and 2H-AlN(0001)/Si(110) templates. The structural electrical properties the investigated. For film thicknesses below 300 nm, 3C-SiC material deposited 2H-AlN/Si presented a better quality than directly Si(111) using well-established two-step carbonization–epitaxy pro...

This study reports piezoelectric properties and crystallographic microstructures of aluminium nitride (AlN, wurtzite structure) thin films on 50 μm thick stainless steel foil. The transverse piezoelectric coefficient d31,f and e31,f of 10 μm thick AlN films were estimated as -1.42 ± 0.08 pm/V and -0.48 ± 0.03 C/m 2 from a tip displacement of the piezoelectric cantilevers. Dielectric constant ε3...

ABSTRACT: This work investigates the fundamental growth of c-axis oriented piezoelectric AlN thin films by RF reactive sputtering on p-type (100) and (110) silicon substrates. Substrates are treated with a 1% HF solution before deposition to remove the native oxide followed by backsputtering using argon ions. X-ray diffraction shows a (0001) oriented columnar texture of AlN grains which is the ...