Today’s System on Chip (SoC) is being incorporated with digital, analog, radio frequency, photonic and other devices [1]. More recently, sensors, actuators, and biochips are also being integrated into these already powerful SoCs. On one hand, SoC integration has been enabled by advances in mixed system integration and the increase in the wafer sizes (currently about 300 mm and projected to be 4...

this paper presents a case study to determine the efficiency of the currently used heat stress indices in correlation with wet bulb globe temperature (wbgt) as a permissible index at a foundry plant and to evaluate the extent of the physiological responses such as heart rate and body temperature in correlation with heat stress indices. the field consisted of a foundry plant where a shift work w...

OBJECTIVE To develop a population-based matrix of job-exposure to crystalline silica in Brazil and to estimate its validity. METHODS An epidemiologist and an industrial hygienist developed a matrix of job-exposure in four stages: coding of occupation variable; coding of industry variable; consensual exposure classification between researchers; and estimate of registered workforce in 1995 for ...

In an ongoing comprehensive evaluation of biological markers, workers in or near an iron foundry with varying exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were analyzed for molecular response to this exposure. Exposure to benzo(a)pyrene, determined by personal monitors worn by the workers (2 to 60 ng/m3), was considerably lower than in a previous study at this foundry (< 50 to 200 ng/m3) ...

BACKGROUND Iron and steel foundry workers are exposed to various toxic and carcinogenic substances including crystalline silica, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and arsenic. Studies have been conducted on lung cancer in iron and steel founding workers and the concentration of crystalline silica in foundries; however, the concentration of crystalline silica and cases of lung cancer in a single...

A survey was carried out in response to complaints of increased respiratory symptoms in children at schools near a foundry in Walsall, West Midlands. Air monitoring around the factory had shown concentrations of formaldehyde most of which were orders of magnitude below the current occupational exposure limit of 2.5 mg/m3, although concentrations up to 0.3 mg/m3 had been recorded over short peri...