The reaction-bonded aluminum oxide (RBAO) process relies upon the oxidation of Al/Al2O3 powder compacts, and many of its associated advantages stem from the presence of the aluminum in the green powder. Higher aluminum contents in the starting powders allow for higher green strengths, densities, and lower overall shrinkage, all while producing a fine-grained, high-strength sintered material. Ho...

Aluminum exposure and apoptotic cell death has been implicated in several neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we use cultured astrocytes to investigate the ability of aluminum to induce the apoptosis of astrocytes. The proportion of apoptotic cells and cell cycle distribution were determined by flow cytometric analysis. Our results showed that exposure to ...

Cenococcum graniforme, Suillus luteus, Thelephora terrestris, and three isolates of Pisolithus tinctorius were cultured on modified Melin-Norkrans medium at pH 3.4 and adjusted to 0 to 500 ppm (0 to 500 mug/ml) of aluminum or manganese sulfate. Except for T. terrestris, which was intolerant of aluminum at 150 and 250 to 500 ppm, and P. tinctorius isolate 250, which was intolerant of aluminum at...

Microscopy analyzes are very important for metallography, they serve to reveal the microstructural constituents, distribution of present phases and other properties characterize materials. It is that specimens follow a rigorous preparation process ensure free from defects could compromise results characterization. The work presents stages optical microscopy. Works related research proposal were...

Micro-friction stir spot welding (µFSSW) is one type of that suitable for joining lightweight materials. One the challenges in materials with µFSSW material easily perforated, or join not strong enough, so it necessary to select right parameters. In this article discusses about investigates micro-Friction Stir Spot Welding parameters on weld geometry, mechanical properties, and metallography di...

Impact toughness of a gas tungsten arc welded Ti /6Al /4V alloy butt-joint was evaluated at room temperature using standard Charpy V-notch specimens. The Charpy specimens were prepared with notch roots located either in the parent metal, in the heataffected zone (HAZ), or in the weld metal. Optical metallography and Vickers microhardness test showed that the weld metal has the coarsest grains a...

An experimental study is presented on the effect of microstructural change on the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect behaviour of Al-2.5%Mg alloy. Tensile tests are performed on the as received and heat treated (at 400 oC for 16 hours) samples for a wide range of strain rates. The serrations observed in the stress-time curve are investigated from statistical analysis point of view. Microstructures of...

In this appendix we provide a brief overview of some quantitative aspects of recrystallization, including the experimental techniques used to measure recrystallization, the determination of some of the parameters associated with the annealing processes, and the quantification of some important features of the associated microstructures. We do not attempt to cover the subject matter in detail, b...

The effect of heat treatment at 850 o Con the microstructure and mechanical properties of SAE 1025 carbon steel has been studied. Annealing, normalizing and age-hardening heat-treatments at 850 o C were used for the experimental work. Hardness tests, tensile tests and metallography were carried out on the heat-treated and control samples. The results were further analyzed using the one-way ANOV...

The paper by Karma and Tourret (this volume) in this special issue focuses on multiscale modeling approaches ranging from atoms to microstructure. In the present one, the most recent and significant modeling contributions dealing with the scale of solidification from microstructure to grain structure are briefly reviewed. The paper also covers modeling of defect formation during the last stage ...