We investigated mechanisms by which the soluble native envelope glycoprotein gpl20 of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) suppresses antigen-driven T cell responses. For this study, exogenous interleukin-2 (IL-2)independent, antigen-specific, CD4 positive, human T-cell clones were developed by cyclic restimulation with soluble tetanus toxoid antigen. In the presence of soluble antigen and ...

T cells responsive to macrophages (M phi) in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) contain those cells that can be induced to proliferate by soluble antigens. Negative solution (5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine and light) of T cells activated by autologous M phi also removed those cells required for reactivity to Candida albicans and purified protein derivative. Positive selection of T cells re...

To investigate cellular mechanisms involved in thyroid hormone stimulation of erythropoiesis, we studied the response of erythroid burst-forming unit (BFU-E) proliferation to L-triiodothyronine (L-T3) in a serum-free culture system. When added directly to culture, L-T3 stimulates erythroid burst formation by normal human bone marrow cells. In contrast, granulocyte-macrophage colony formation is...

Background: Brucellosis is still considered as one of the major zoonosis afflicting Syrian health and economy. This disease is caused by members of the genus Brucella which are gram-negative bacteria living facultatively within mammalian cells during infection. Objectives: In this paper, a strategy was developed to introduce a new generation of binders called Nanobodies (Nbs) in our combat aga...

Further evidence implicating murine leukemia-like virus in the disorders of NZB mice was afforded by a study of antigens associated with murine leukemia virus (MuLV). MuLV group antigens were prevalent in extracts of spleen, kidney, and, to a lesser extent, thymus throughout a substantial portion of the life span of NZB mice as well as in extracts of lymphomas and sarcomas indigenous to the str...

Protective immunity against intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium leprae is dependent on the activation of T cells. Repeated stimulation of T cells by M. leprae antigens MLCwA (M. leprae total cell wall antigen) and ManLAM (mannose capped lipoarabinomannan) may lead to apoptosis in leprosy patients. In the present study, inhibition of the Fas-induced apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cel...

this study was carried out to investigate impacts of myrobalan rootstock and blackthorn interstem on fruit growth, physico-chemical features and bioactive compounds of two apricot cultivars (‘harcot’ and ‘roksana’) in 2010 and 2011. fruits of both cultivars on myrobalan and/or blackthorn grew with a classic double sigmoid curve from full bloom time to harvest. during growth and development peri...

Soluble tumor-associated antigens and histocompatibility antigens were detected in sera of A/J mice bearing a spontaneous lymphoma (Ll l l7) by the inhibition of the cytotoxicity of rabbit anti-Ll l l7 serum and of alloantisera to normal A/J antigens, respectively; the rabbit antiserum was rendered specific for lymphoma antigens by extensive absorption with normal A/J cells and alloantisera wer...

cystoscopy and urinary cytology are currently the basis for diagnosis and ‎follow-up of bladder tumors. research to find a sensitive and specific tumor ‎marker for diagnosis of bladder tumor is actively underway, however, due to low sensitivity ‎and high cost of cytology. this cross-sectional study was performed in 65 patients to evaluate whether urinary bladder ‎cancer (ubc) antigen level can ...

Three monoclonal antibodies (McAb) were produced against soluble antigens of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 which was cultured on BCYE agar. The McAbs were all of the IgM isotype. The McAbs were used in the McAb-based ELISA for detection of circulating L. pneumophila antigens in 186 sera collected from patients with symptoms and signs suggestive of atypical pneumonia. The normal reference o...