Terrorism is an act whose nature and outcome is violence and fear. Regardless of the different forms of the realization of this act in the past, it has taken new forms in the contemporary era due to the advancement of sciences and technologies. To face this phenomenon, then, it is necessary to foresee and apply appropriate and favorable measures. As a victim of internal and external terrorism, ...

This paper models the incentives created by career concerns for opinion-producing agents. We ...nd that career concerns can create an incentive for exaggeration or anti-herding, since high-ability agents will have opinions that are more di¤erent from the consensus on average and potential clients will learn more quickly about how di¤erent an agent’s opinions are from the consensus on average th...

With resampling, a regularly sampled signal is extracted from observations which are irregularly spaced in time. Resampling methods can be divided into simple and complex methods. Simple methods such as Sample&Hold (S&H) and Nearest Neighbor Resampling (NNR) use only one irregular sample for one resampled observation. A theoretical analysis of the simple methods is given. The various resampling...

In the new world order that has begun to be restructured, how national identities will carried out together and differences transformed into benefits, instead of problems become a very important issue in terms ensuring peace prosperity every society. The USA realized they could no longer pursue understanding Americanism, based on single American identity, which aim protect. America, where many ...

Background: Thiamine (VitB1) is a vitamin with various important physiological functions and postulated therapeutic effects.  Its use as an analgesic in neuropathic pain has been undergoing in clinical settings. However, there has been little experimental investigation on this effect. In this study, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of thiamine were investigated in mice. Methods: T...

burns are known as one of the most common forms of injury with devastating consequences. despite the discovery of several antiseptics, burn wound healing has still remained a challenge to modern medicine. herbal products seem to possess moderate efficacy with no or less toxicity and are less expensive compared to synthetic drugs. burn is a well-known disorder in iranian traditional medicine (it...

in the present study, anti-anaphylactic, anti-inflammatory and membrane stabilizing properties of a lupine alkaloid plumerianine (compound 1), isolated from the root bark of plumeria acutifolia poir were investigated in animal models. the anti-anaphylactic activity of compound 1 (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg) was studied by using models such as passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, passive paw anaphylaxis and ...

background: evidences show that aloe vera (a. vera), camellia sinensis, hibiscus sabdariffa and sophora alopecuroides may prevent gastric ulcer induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids). objective: to examine the protective potential of these plants against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in the rat. methods: saline, a. vera leaf gel powder and 70% alcoholic extracts of the o...