Single-stage nitrogen removal from ammonium-rich streams has been studied extensively during the last decade in view of rising cost of traditional treatment methods and stringent discharge standards. This system has been developed under different names (DEMON, CANON, OLAND, SNAP and SNAD) to carry out simultaneous aerobic, anaerobic ammonium oxidizing and denitrification reactions in the same r...

BACKGROUND Ammonium transporter (AMT/MEP/Rh) superfamily members mediate ammonium uptake and retrieval. This pivotal transport system is conserved among all living organisms. For plants, nitrogen represents a macronutrient available in the soil as ammonium, nitrate, and organic nitrogen compounds. Plants living on extremely nutrient-poor soils have developed a number of adaptation mechanisms, i...

A suspension culture of soybean (Glycine max L.) was grown on a defined medium in which the nitrogen sources were nitrate (25 mM) and ammonium (2 mM). The cells did not grow on nitrate unless the medium was supplemented with ammonium or glutamine. The l- and d-isomers of 12 amino acids tested singly could not replace ammonium. Most amino acids (4 mM) inhibited growth when the cells were culture...

ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation (Anammox) is an efficient microbiological process for the removal of ammonia nitrogen from wastewater. Although several Anammox reactors have been operated successfully in European water pollution control plants, there are challenges associated with the process which must be addressed to ensure dependable performance when treating high strength wastestreams in New Y...

Sediment internal nitrogen release is a significant pollution source in the overlying water of aquatic ecosystems. This study aims to remove internal nitrogen in sediment-water microcosms by coupling sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) with submerged aquatic plants. Twelve tanks including four treatments in triplicates were designed: open-circuit (SMFC-o), closed-circuit (SMFC-c), aquatic pla...

KubeSovA, K., J. bAlIK, o. SedlAR and l. PeKlovA, 2014. effect of ammonium fertilization by CulTAN method on dry matter accumulation and dynamics of nitrogen uptake by maize. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 20: 563-570 The aim of this trial was to assess the influence of nitrogenous fertilization by CULTAN (Controlled Uptake Long Term Ammonium Nutrition) method on the dynamics of above-ground biomass dry...

The Acid Deposition Control Title (IV) of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments calls for reductions in annual sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions in order to “reduce the adverse effects of acid deposition,” without addressing emissions of ammonia. Ammonia is present in precipitation and aerosols as the ammonium cation, NH4. Ammonium is rich in nitrogen and together with nitrate comprises v...

N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is formed during chlorination of water containing the herbicide diuron (N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea) but formation is greatly enhanced in the presence of ammonia (chloramination). Groundwater impacted by agricultural runoff may contain diuron and relatively high total nitrogen concentrations; this study examines the impact of the nitrogen form (ammoniu...

This paper reports on successful laboratory testing of a new nitrogen removal process called DEAMOX (DEnitrifying AMmonium OXidation) for the treatment of strong nitrogenous wastewater such as baker's yeast effluent. The concept of this process combines the recently discovered ANAMMOX (ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation) reaction with autotrophic denitrifying conditions using sulfide as an electron d...

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) is a key enzyme of primary metabolism in bacteria, algae, and vascular plants, and is believed to be cytosolic. Here we show that rice (Oryza sativa L.) has a plant-type PEPC, Osppc4, that is targeted to the chloroplast. Osppc4 was expressed in all organs tested and showed high expression in the leaves. Its expression in the leaves was confined to mesophyl...