The evolution of mesoscale eddies in the Bay Bengal (BoB) and their characteristics (number eddies, radius, amplitude, eddy kinetic energy) are addressed during all strong, normal, weak monsoon regimes from 1993 to 2019. Their impacts on 3–7-day synoptic oscillations atmospheric precipitation upper ocean heat content also assessed. In western Bay, located meandering East India Coastal Current (...

Introduction: Branchial arch anomalies represent defects in embryological developments whereby parts of the branchial arch persist in the head and neck regions as sinuses, fistulas, or cysts. These anomalies usually present as a unilateral lesion in the head and neck of young adults and children, which are excised upon the emergence of complications.   Case Report: Herei...

In this study, we examined the phenology of the salt marsh ecosystem across coastal Louisiana (LA) for a 16-year time period (2000–2015) using NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer’s (MODIS) eight-day average surface reflectance images (500 m). We compared the performances of least squares fitted asymmetric Gaussian (AG) and double logistic (DL) smoothing functions in terms of in...

We demonstrate the ratchet and phase locking effects in a two-dimensional overdamped Frenkel-Kontorova model with a square symmetric periodic substrate when both a longitudinal dc drive and a circular ac drive are applied. Besides the harmonic steps, the large half integer steps can also clearly be seen in the longitudinal (x) direction. These half integer steps are directly correlated to the a...

We propose Hilbert transform and analytic signal construction for signals over graphs. This is motivated by the popularity of Hilbert transform, analytic signal, and modulation analysis in conventional signal processing, and the observation that complementary insight is often obtained by viewing conventional signals in the graph setting. Our definitions of Hilbert transform and analytic signal ...

The North Paci c thermocline (250m to 400m) is studied using XBT observations acquired during the 1970s and 1980s. Interannual variations (3-5 year time scales) in thermocline temperature, with O(0.1 C) amplitude at 400m, are found to exhibit westward propagation throughout the extra-tropical North Paci c up to 45N. Southwards of 30N, the features propagate intact across the basin from the east...

The influence of ENSO-related changes in the Atlantic-to-Pacific freshwater budget on the North Atlantic meridional overturning is examined using the University of Victoria (UVic) Earth System Climate Model. The initial analysis of freshwater fluxes in the 50-yr NCEP–NCAR (NCEP50) reanalysis product and Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) dataset reveals that the transport of water ...

We investigate the properties of the (complex) coefficients obtained in a spherical harmonic representation of temperature maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We study the effect of the coefficient phase only, as well as the combined effects of phase and amplitude. The method used to check for anomalies is to construct a “random walk” trajectory in the complex plane where the step le...

Characteristics of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), such as frequency, propagation, spatial extent, and amplitude, strongly depend on the climatological background state of the tropical Pacific. Multidecadal changes in the oceanmean state are hence likely tomodulate ENSOproperties. To better link background state variations with low-frequency amplitude changes of ENSO, we develop a diag...

The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable shaking frequency and amplitude for shake harvesting lime fruit (C. aurantifolia). A tractor mounted limb shaker with adjustable shaking frequency and amplitude, powered by the tractor power-take-off shaft was designed and developed for this study. The rotating input power was transmitted to the shaker flywheel through a multiple sheave v...