γ-secretase is responsible for the proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein (APP) into short, aggregation-prone amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, which are centrally implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite considerable interest in developing γ-secretase targeting therapeutics for the treatment of AD, the precise mechanism by which γ-secretase produces Aβ has remained elusi...

Amylopathy is a term that describes abnormal synthesis and accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) in tissues with time. Aβ is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is found in Lewy body dementia, inclusion body myositis and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (1-4). Amylopathies progressively develop with time. For this reason simple organisms with short lifespans may help to elucidate molecular aspect...

BACKGROUND Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) has become an important tool to identify amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Here, we determined the diagnostic value of the amyloid PET tracer [(18)F]flutemetamol in relation to Aβ pathology at autopsy. METHODS [(18)F]flutemetamol PET was carried out in a cohort of 68 patients included in a [(18)F]flutemetamol a...

BACKGROUND Beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the generation of amyloid beta peptides, which are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been reported that Schisandrin B could improve cognitive functions in animal models of AD, but the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this research, in order to investigate the effects of Sc...

One major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is the deposition of extracellular senile plaques and vessel wall deposits composed of amyloid-beta (Aβ). In AD, degeneration of neurons is preceded by the formation of Aβ plaques, which show different morphological forms. Most of them are birefringent owing to the parallel arrangement of amyloid fibrils. Here,...

The key pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the progressive accumulation of misfolded amyloid beta proteins (Aβ) in extracellular and intracellular spaces. It is an age related, complicated disorders involving multifactor, including neuro-inflammation, oxidative damage along with Aβ deposition. These events may work either independently, or together lead to neuronal degeneration, thus pert...

neurological inflammatory diseases are developing rapidly. different factors involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. in this article, we discuss some of the mechanisms are dealt with. an aberrant procedure of beta-amyloid precursor protein (bapp) to form neurotoxic beta-amyloid peptides and an accumulated insoluble polymer of beta –amyloid (ba) that forms the senile plaque. the above pr...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder marked by memory impairment and cognitive deficits. A major component of AD pathology is the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain, which are comprised of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides derived from the amyloidogenic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (AβPP) by β- and γ-secretases. In a subset of patients...

Amyloid beta (Aβ) deposits are implicated in the pathogenesis of debilitating neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, the interactions of carbon-based nanoparticles (NPs) such as fullerene and fullerenol having different surface chemistry with Aβ were investigated using molecular dynamics simulations and docking studies. A detailed analysis of docking resu...

Honokiol (poly-phenolic lignan from Magnolia grandiflora) is a Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) activator which exhibit antioxidant activity and augment mitochondrial functions in several experimental models. Modern evidence suggests the critical role of SIRT3 in the progression of several metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. Amyloid beta (Aβ), the precursor to extracellular senile plaques, accumulates i...