Brain imaging experiments identify plausible circuits involved in the genesis of the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Akinesia is linked to hypoactivation of the supplementary motor area secondary to insufficient thalamocortical facilitation. Overactivation in other areas such as the lateral premotor and parietal cortex probably represents a compensatory mechanism. Bradykinesia is asso...

Correlation of electrocardiographic abnormalities occurring postoperatively with lesions of the conduction system found at autopsy was done in 20 dogs which had received cardiac homografts. The incidence of arrhythmias closely paralleled the severity of rejection injury found within the heart and specifically within the conduction system. Severe pathological changes in the conduction system (gr...

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) has been proposed as a rare cause of proximal bowel obstruction resulting from compression of the third portion of the duodenum secondary to narrowing of the space between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery. The main risk factors associated with SMAS are significant weight loss, corrective spinal surgery and congenital or acquired anatomic abnorm...

Symptoms and signs in 12 patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome have been presented. The most common symptoms were snoring , increased motor activity during sleep and excessive daytime somnolence. The factors predisposing to OSA syndrome were obesity and anatomic abnormalities of the upper airway structure. In some cases the signs of OSA syndrome included hypertension, righ...

In 1966 Barlow and Bosman(1) described a constellation of clinical fi ndings consisting of non-ejection systolic clicks and a late systolic murmur, T-wave abnormalities, and systolic aneurysmal billowing of the posterior mitral leafl et into the left atrium. Since then, in areas without rheumatic heart disease, mitral valve prolapse (MVP) has been portrayed as the most common form of valvular h...

background:   objective: the objective of the present study was to evaluate the application of two dimensional ultrasound (2-dus) and real time three dimensional ultrasound (3-dus) in differentiating various type of septated uterus. hysteroscopy confirmation was assigned as the gold standard.   materials and methods: this retrospective study was performed among 215 infertile women with suspecte...

Nerve compression syndromes commonly involve the nerves in the upper extremity. High-resolution ultrasonography (US) can satisfactorily assess these nerves and may detect the morphological changes of the nerves. US can also reveal the causes of nerve compression when structural abnormalities or space-occupying lesions are present. The most common US finding of compression neuropathy is nerve sw...

Patients with epilepsy develop psychosis or schizophrenia at a rate exceeding that expected if the two disorders were independent. Similarly, patients with schizophrenia are more prone to seizures than the general population. This excess vulnerability may be conferred by the neuropathological substrate of schizophrenia itself or by the secondary effects of the illness, including exposure to psy...

Correlation of electrocardiographic abnormalities occurring postoperatively with lesions of the conduction system found at autopsy was done in 20 dogs which had received cardiac homografts. The incidence of arrhythmias closely paralleled the severity of rejection injury found within the heart and specifically within the conduction system. Severe pathological changes in the conduction system (gr...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between white matter abnormalities and impairment of gait and balance in older persons. METHODS Quantitative MRI was used to evaluate the brain tissue compartments of 28 older individuals separated into normal and impaired groups on the basis of mobility performance testing using the Short Physical Performance Battery. In addition, individuals were te...