air pollution is one of the major threats to environment in the present time. increase in degree of urbanization is a major cause of this air pollution. due to urbanization, vehicular activities are continuously increasing at a tremendous rate. mobile or vehicular pollution is predominantly degrading the air quality worldwide. thus, air quality management is necessary for dealing with this seve...

Although China has experienced a booming development of urbanization since reform and opening-up, China's urbanization level is currently overestimated, which is mainly reflected by the large portion of agricultural population who cannot enjoy the benefits of urban residents contained in China’s urban population. This paper elucidates the problems arising in China's urbanization process and pro...

[1] Semi-arid southern California relies heavily on imported water for domestic use. A synthesis of river discharge data in this region reveals that summer (June, July, and August) river discharge in watersheds that have at least 50% urban, suburban, and/or commercial land cover has increased by 250% or more over the past half-century, without any substantial precipitation during these months. ...

Nutrient enrichment as a result of anthropogenic activity concentrated along the land-sea margin is increasing eutrophication of near-shore waters across the globe. Management of eutrophication in the coastal zone has been ’ hampered by the lack of a direct method to trace nitrogen sources from land into coastal food webs. Stable isotope data from a series of estuaries receiving nitrogen loads ...

Background: Poverty and low socioeconomic status are the most important reasons of increasing the global burden of tuberculosis, not only in developing countries but also in developed countries for particular groups. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between socioeconomic factors and the number of tuberculosis patients using quantile regression for count data.   Me...

Increasing urbanization of rural landscapes has created new challenges for wildlife management. I n addition t o changes i n the physical landscape, urbanization has also produced changes i n the socio-cultural landscape. The greater distancing from direct interaction with wildlife i n urbanized societies has led t o the emergence of a culture whose meanings for wildlife are less grounded i n t...

There have been extensive studies exploring the relationship between agglomeration economies and economic growth. However, far less attention is paid to the nonlinear relationship of urbanization economies–firm productivity nexus, especially in developing countries. This paper aims to explore how urbanization economies impact the total factor productivity (TFP) of research and development (R&D)...