Muscle insulin resistance is a key feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes and is strongly associated with increased intramyocellular lipid content and inflammation. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for causing muscle insulin resistance in humans are still unclear. To address this question, we performed serial muscle biopsies in healthy, lean subjects before and during ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of body composition, especially distribution of body fat, and insulin resistance on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese children. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN One hundred obese children (66 boys, 34 girls) with (n=60) and without NAFLD (n=40) were assessed. Anthropometry, laboratory tests, abdominal ultras...

PURPOSE Obesity is one of the most important nutritional disorders in the world which has an obvious relationship with the incidence of metabolic diseases. Obesity prevalence has increased among children and adolescents during recent decades, leading to a rise in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM II) prevalence in these two age brackets. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess impaired glucose to...

OBJECTIVE Urinary netrin-1 is a new marker to demonstrate early tubular damage. The aim of this study was to determine whether urinary netrin-1 is increased in obese children. METHODS A total of 68 normoalbuminuric and normotensive obese patients and 65 controls were included in the study. Urine samples were collected for assessment of urinary phosphorus, sodium, potassium, creatinine, albumi...

UNLABELLED To assess the mechanisms of the insulin resistance in human obesity, we have determined, using a modification of the euglycemic glucose clamp technique, the shape of the in vivo insulin-glucose disposal dose-response curves in 7 control and 13 obese human subjects. Each subject had at least three euglycemic studies performed at insulin infusion rates of 15, 40, 120, 240, or 1,200 mU/...

In recent years, it has become widely accepted that obesity is characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammation of adipose tissue that predisposes affected individuals to insulin resistance, Type 2 diabetes and other disorders associated with the metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, a subset of obese individuals appears to be protected against insulin resistance and the disorders to which it...

Resistance to insulin-mediated glucose disposal has been previously shown to be increased in association with obesity, high blood pressure, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. We initiated the present study to quantify the separate effects of hypertension and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus on insulin resistance in both nonobese and obese subjects. To accomplish this, 88 subjec...

Obesity is often associated with insulin resistance, low-grade systemic inflammation, and reduced plasma adiponectin. Inflammation is also increased in adipose tissue, but it is not clear whether the reductions of adiponectin levels are related to dysregulation of insulin activity and/or increased proinflammatory mediators. In this study, we investigated the interactions of insulin, tumor necro...